Find the parent node of a node in binary search tree

Question

So I want to find the parent node of a Node in a binary tree. Suppose that I input 30,15,17,45,69,80,7 in the tree through a text file.

The tree should be

                 30
             15       45
          7      17       69
                               80

And here is my code :

Node*  BST::searchforparentnode(Node* pRoot, int value)
{
   if(pRoot->pleft == NULL && pRoot->pright == NULL)
    return NULL;

   if(pRoot->pleft->value == value || pRoot->pright->value == value)
    return pRoot;

   if(pRoot->value > value)
    return searchforparentnode(pRoot->pleft,value);

   if(pRoot->value < value)
    return searchforparentnode(pRoot->pright,value);

}

In this case i'm not consider if the user input the value of the Root node.

Thing is, when I input 15,17,7, all the value in the left branch of Root node, it came out ok. But when i want to find parent Node of the values from the right branch (69,80) EXCEPT for 45, the program stop running.

Any idea about what caused this error guys? Thanks for reading.

Answer 1

It appears that 45 does not have a left node, it is NULL, so checking pRoot->pleft->value == value is undefined behavior.

             30
            /  \
         15     45
        /   \     \
      7      17    69
                     \
                      80

So you need to do a check, something like:

Node*  BST::searchforparentnode(Node* pRoot, int value)
{
    if(pRoot->pleft == NULL && pRoot->pright == NULL)
       return NULL;

    if( (pRoot->pleft != NULL && pRoot->pleft->value == value)
        || (pRoot->pright != NULL && pRoot->pright->value == value))
       return pRoot;

    if(pRoot->value > value)
       return searchforparentnode(pRoot->pleft,value);

    if(pRoot->value < value)
       return searchforparentnode(pRoot->pright,value);
}

However, another thing to check for is if pRoot itself is NULL:

Node*  BST::searchforparentnode(Node* pRoot, int value)
{
    if (pRoot == NULL)
       return NULL;

    if(pRoot->pleft == NULL && pRoot->pright == NULL)
       return NULL;

    if( (pRoot->pleft != NULL && pRoot->pleft->value == value)
        || (pRoot->pright != NULL && pRoot->pright->value == value))
       return pRoot;

    if(pRoot->value > value)
       return searchforparentnode(pRoot->pleft,value);

    if(pRoot->value < value)
       return searchforparentnode(pRoot->pright,value);
}