Avoiding copy of objects with the "return" statement

Question

I have a very basic question in C++. How to avoid copy when returning an object ?

Here is an example :

std::vector<unsigned int> test(const unsigned int n)
{
    std::vector<unsigned int> x;
    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
        x.push_back(i);
    }
    return x;
}

As I understand how C++ works, this function will create 2 vectors : the local one (x), and the copy of x which will be returned. Is there a way to avoid the copy ? (and I don't want to return a pointer to an object, but the object itself)

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What would be the syntax of that function using "move semantics" (which was stated in the comments)?

Answer 1

This program can take advantage of named return value optimization (NRVO). See here: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copy_elision

In C++11 there are move constructors and assignment which are also cheap. You can read a tutorial here: http://thbecker.net/articles/rvalue_references/section_01.html