Google deprecated OpenID 2.0 support around 2015 and removed it in 2016 or before, making this question and its answer obsolete.
I just realized there are two Google OpenID urls I can find online.
Would you please tell me which one is the right one to use?
In short, when a website asks you for your OpenID identifier, you can enter https://www.google.com/accounts/o8/id. The website will then behind the scene do a GET on that URL which will return an XRDS document. This XRDS document contains the URL of Google's OpenID provider which is https://www.google.com/accounts/o8/ud and will then proceed with the OpenID flow.
See http://openid.net/specs/openid-authentication-2_0.html for full info about OpenID identifiers and providers.