Given the following code :
.section .rodata
str: .string "Hello World!\n"
input: .long 2
########
.text
.globl main
.type main, @function
main:
pushl %ebp
movl %esp, %ebp
pushl $str
call printf
#return from printf:
movl $0, %eax
movl %ebp,%esp
popl %ebp
ret
The output would be "Hello World!".
Now I try to get a number from the user , and then print it out on the screen , but it doesn't work (code compile,but I did something wrong) . Where is my mistake ?
.section .rodata
input: .long 2
########
.text
.globl main
.type main, @function
main:
pushl %ebp
movl %esp, %ebp
pushl %ebx
call scanf # call scanf to get number from the user
popl input # store the number entered by user in input (variable)
pushl input # push it back into the stack
call printf # print input
#return from printf:
movl $0, %eax
movl %ebp,%esp
popl %ebp
ret
I'm not really sure what sort of assembler you're using, however I could get your code to compile with gcc so I stuck with your formatting style (not talking about the AT&T syntax).
Anyway, you should check the documentation for scanf and realise that it takes a format string and pointers to locations in memory of where to store the values read in. It also returns the number of successfully read items and not what was read.
Now do the same and check the documention for printf. You'll see that a format string is required to print your number in a readable form. A suitable format string is "%d\n" to print the number and a newline.
Your code could now look something like this (which compiles and works fine for me with gcc):
.section .rodata
input_format: .string "%d"
output_format: .string "%d\n"
.section .bss
input: .long 0 # reserve 4 bytes of space
.section .text
.globl main
.type main, @function
main:
pushl %ebp
movl %esp, %ebp
pushl $input # push the ADDRESS of input to have the value stored in it
pushl $input_format # give scanf the ADDRESS of the format string
call scanf # call scanf to get number from the user
addl $8, %esp # clean up the stack
# Note the return value of scanf is passed through eax (same for printf)
pushl input # pass the number to printf BY VALUE
pushl $output_format # pass the ADDRESSS of the output format string to printf
call printf # print input
#return 0 from main:
movl $0, %eax
movl %ebp,%esp
popl %ebp
ret
Note that I would normally use db/dw/dd for allocating memory in the .(ro)data and .bss sections as opposed to .string and .long, so if that part's done slightly wrong you could just fix it up.
You could also use stack space for storing the number, however you already had input declared and I wanted to leave the code as similar to what you had as possible. Same goes for everything else before and after the scanf and printf stuff, I just left that as your code.
EDIT: Here's an example of using the stack to create a local variable, as opposed to having a variable declared in the .bss or .data segment:
.section .rodata
input_format: .string "%d"
output_format: .string "%d\n"
.section .text
.globl main
.type main, @function
main:
pushl %ebp
movl %esp, %ebp
subl $4, %esp # allocate 4 bytes on the stack for a local variable
# The local variable will be at -4(%ebp)
leal -4(%ebp), %eax # get the ADDRESS of our local variable
pushl %eax # push the ADDRESS of the variable on the stack
pushl $input_format # give scanf the ADDRESS of the format string
call scanf # call scanf to get number from the user
addl $8, %esp # clean up the stack
# Note the return value of scanf is passed through eax (same for printf)
pushl -4(%ebp) # pass the number to printf BY VALUE
pushl $output_format # pass the ADDRESSS of the output format string to printf
call printf # print the input
#return from printf:
movl $0, %eax
movl %ebp,%esp
popl %ebp
ret