I have a simple project in Java that uses Jakarta Persistence. I'm running the tests using JUnit Jupiter, Testcontainers, and JBoss Weld.
This is one test:
@EnableAutoWeld
@Testcontainers
@AddBeanClasses({ CategoryRepository.class, EntityManagerProducer.class })
final class CategoryRepositoryTest {
public static final String POSTGRES_15_3 = "postgres:15.3-alpine3.18";
@Container
private final PostgreSQLContainer<?> container = new PostgreSQLContainer<>(DockerImageName.parse(POSTGRES_15_3));
@Inject
private CategoryRepository repository;
@Test
void save() {
repository.save(new Category(1L, "Name", "Description"));
// ...assertions here
}
}
I'm certain the container is started and exposed through port 5432. The default database, username, and password are all defaulted to test — and that's what I'm using in persistence.xml.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<persistence xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="https://jakarta.ee/xml/ns/persistence"
xsi:schemaLocation="https://jakarta.ee/xml/ns/persistence https://jakarta.ee/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_3_0.xsd"
version="3.0">
<persistence-unit name="test">
...
<properties>
<property name="jakarta.persistence.jdbc.driver" value="org.postgresql.Driver" />
<property name="jakarta.persistence.jdbc.password" value="test" />
<property name="jakarta.persistence.jdbc.url" value="jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/test" />
<property name="jakarta.persistence.jdbc.user" value="test" />
<property name="jakarta.persistence.provider" value="org.eclipse.persistence.jpa.PersistenceProvider" />
<property name="jakarta.persistence.schema-generation.create-script-source" value="database/schema.sql" />
<property name="jakarta.persistence.schema-generation.database.action" value="create" />
<property name="jakarta.persistence.sql-load-script-source" value="database/data.sql" />
<property name="jakarta.persistence.transactionType" value="RESOURCE_LOCAL" />
</properties>
</persistence-unit>
</persistence>
I do have the following (relevant to this issue) dependencies in the Gradle build script:
runtimeOnly("org.postgresql:postgresql:42.6.0")testImplementation("org.jboss.weld:weld-junit5:4.0.0.Final")testImplementation("org.testcontainers:junit-jupiter:1.18.3")testImplementation("org.testcontainers:postgresql:1.18.3")...but still, the tests are unable to connect to the running Docker container:
Exception [EclipseLink-4002] (Eclipse Persistence Services - 4.0.2.v202306161219): org.eclipse.persistence.exceptions.DatabaseException
Internal Exception: org.postgresql.util.PSQLException: Connection to localhost:5432 refused. Check that the hostname and port are correct and that the postmaster is accepting TCP/IP connections.
Error Code: 0
jakarta.persistence.PersistenceException: Exception [EclipseLink-4002] (Eclipse Persistence Services - 4.0.2.v202306161219): org.eclipse.persistence.exceptions.DatabaseException
Internal Exception: org.postgresql.util.PSQLException: Connection to localhost:5432 refused. Check that the hostname and port are correct and that the postmaster is accepting TCP/IP connections.
Error Code: 0
at app//org.eclipse.persistence.internal.jpa.EntityManagerSetupImpl.deploy(EntityManagerSetupImpl.java:856)
at app//org.eclipse.persistence.internal.jpa.EntityManagerFactoryDelegate.getAbstractSession(EntityManagerFactoryDelegate.java:221)
at app//org.eclipse.persistence.internal.jpa.EntityManagerFactoryDelegate.getDatabaseSession(EntityManagerFactoryDelegate.java:199)
at app//org.eclipse.persistence.internal.jpa.EntityManagerFactoryImpl.getDatabaseSession(EntityManagerFactoryImpl.java:534)
at app//org.eclipse.persistence.jpa.PersistenceProvider.createEntityManagerFactoryImpl(PersistenceProvider.java:153)
at app//org.eclipse.persistence.jpa.PersistenceProvider.createEntityManagerFactory(PersistenceProvider.java:191)
at app//jakarta.persistence.Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory(Persistence.java:80)
at app//jakarta.persistence.Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory(Persistence.java:55)
at app//org.acme.config.EntityManagerProducer.entityManager(EntityManagerProducer.java:19)
at [email protected]/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at [email protected]/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:77)
at [email protected]/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at [email protected]/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:568)
at app//org.jboss.weld.injection.StaticMethodInjectionPoint.invoke(StaticMethodInjectionPoint.java:95)
at app//org.jboss.weld.injection.StaticMethodInjectionPoint.invoke(StaticMethodInjectionPoint.java:85)
at app//org.jboss.weld.injection.producer.ProducerMethodProducer.produce(ProducerMethodProducer.java:103)
at app//org.jboss.weld.injection.producer.AbstractMemberProducer.produce(AbstractMemberProducer.java:161)
at app//org.jboss.weld.bean.AbstractProducerBean.create(AbstractProducerBean.java:180)
at app//org.jboss.weld.contexts.AbstractContext.get(AbstractContext.java:96)
at app//org.jboss.weld.bean.ContextualInstanceStrategy$DefaultContextualInstanceStrategy.get(ContextualInstanceStrategy.java:100)
at app//org.jboss.weld.bean.ContextualInstanceStrategy$ApplicationScopedContextualInstanceStrategy.get(ContextualInstanceStrategy.java:140)
at app//org.jboss.weld.bean.ContextualInstance.get(ContextualInstance.java:50)
at app//org.jboss.weld.bean.proxy.ContextBeanInstance.getInstance(ContextBeanInstance.java:102)
at app//org.jboss.weld.bean.proxy.ProxyMethodHandler.invoke(ProxyMethodHandler.java:105)
at org.jboss.weld.generated.proxies.persistence.EntityManager$AutoCloseable$1352611957$Proxy$_$$_WeldClientProxy.getTransaction(Unknown Source)
at app//org.acme.persistence.CategoryRepository.save(CategoryRepository.java:51)
at app//org.acme.persistence.CategoryRepositoryTest.save(CategoryRepositoryTest.java:67)
at [email protected]/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at [email protected]/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:77)
at [email protected]/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at [email protected]/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:568)
at app//org.junit.platform.commons.util.ReflectionUtils.invokeMethod(ReflectionUtils.java:728)
at app//org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.MethodInvocation.proceed(MethodInvocation.java:60)
at app//org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain$ValidatingInvocation.proceed(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:131)
at app//org.junit.jupiter.engine.extension.TimeoutExtension.intercept(TimeoutExtension.java:156)
at app//org.junit.jupiter.engine.extension.TimeoutExtension.interceptTestableMethod(TimeoutExtension.java:147)
at app//org.junit.jupiter.engine.extension.TimeoutExtension.interceptTestMethod(TimeoutExtension.java:86)
at app//org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InterceptingExecutableInvoker$ReflectiveInterceptorCall.lambda$ofVoidMethod$0(InterceptingExecutableInvoker.java:103)
at app//org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InterceptingExecutableInvoker.lambda$invoke$0(InterceptingExecutableInvoker.java:93)
at app//org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain$InterceptedInvocation.proceed(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:106)
at app//org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain.proceed(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:64)
at app//org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain.chainAndInvoke(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:45)
at app//org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain.invoke(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:37)
at app//org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InterceptingExecutableInvoker.invoke(InterceptingExecutableInvoker.java:92)
at app//org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InterceptingExecutableInvoker.invoke(InterceptingExecutableInvoker.java:86)
at app//org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.lambda$invokeTestMethod$7(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:218)
at app//org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at app//org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.invokeTestMethod(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:214)
at app//org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.execute(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:139)
at app//org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.execute(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:69)
at app//org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$6(NodeTestTask.java:151)
at app//org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at app//org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$8(NodeTestTask.java:141)
at app//org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.Node.around(Node.java:137)
at app//org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$9(NodeTestTask.java:139)
at app//org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at app//org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:138)
at app//org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:95)
at [email protected]/java.util.ArrayList.forEach(ArrayList.java:1511)
at app//org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.invokeAll(SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:41)
at app//org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$6(NodeTestTask.java:155)
at app//org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at app//org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$8(NodeTestTask.java:141)
at app//org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.Node.around(Node.java:137)
at app//org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$9(NodeTestTask.java:139)
at app//org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at app//org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:138)
at app//org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:95)
at [email protected]/java.util.ArrayList.forEach(ArrayList.java:1511)
at app//org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.invokeAll(SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:41)
at app//org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$6(NodeTestTask.java:155)
at app//org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at app//org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$8(NodeTestTask.java:141)
at app//org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.Node.around(Node.java:137)
at app//org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$9(NodeTestTask.java:139)
at app//org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at app//org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:138)
at app//org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:95)
at app//org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.submit(SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:35)
at app//org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.HierarchicalTestExecutor.execute(HierarchicalTestExecutor.java:57)
at app//org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.HierarchicalTestEngine.execute(HierarchicalTestEngine.java:54)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.EngineExecutionOrchestrator.execute(EngineExecutionOrchestrator.java:107)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.EngineExecutionOrchestrator.execute(EngineExecutionOrchestrator.java:88)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.EngineExecutionOrchestrator.lambda$execute$0(EngineExecutionOrchestrator.java:54)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.EngineExecutionOrchestrator.withInterceptedStreams(EngineExecutionOrchestrator.java:67)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.EngineExecutionOrchestrator.execute(EngineExecutionOrchestrator.java:52)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:114)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:86)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncherSession$DelegatingLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncherSession.java:86)
at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.SessionPerRequestLauncher.execute(SessionPerRequestLauncher.java:53)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.junitplatform.JUnitPlatformTestClassProcessor$CollectAllTestClassesExecutor.processAllTestClasses(JUnitPlatformTestClassProcessor.java:99)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.junitplatform.JUnitPlatformTestClassProcessor$CollectAllTestClassesExecutor.access$000(JUnitPlatformTestClassProcessor.java:79)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.junitplatform.JUnitPlatformTestClassProcessor.stop(JUnitPlatformTestClassProcessor.java:75)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.SuiteTestClassProcessor.stop(SuiteTestClassProcessor.java:62)
at [email protected]/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at [email protected]/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:77)
at [email protected]/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at [email protected]/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:568)
at org.gradle.internal.dispatch.ReflectionDispatch.dispatch(ReflectionDispatch.java:36)
at org.gradle.internal.dispatch.ReflectionDispatch.dispatch(ReflectionDispatch.java:24)
at org.gradle.internal.dispatch.ContextClassLoaderDispatch.dispatch(ContextClassLoaderDispatch.java:33)
at org.gradle.internal.dispatch.ProxyDispatchAdapter$DispatchingInvocationHandler.invoke(ProxyDispatchAdapter.java:94)
at jdk.proxy1/jdk.proxy1.$Proxy2.stop(Unknown Source)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.worker.TestWorker$3.run(TestWorker.java:193)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.worker.TestWorker.executeAndMaintainThreadName(TestWorker.java:129)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.worker.TestWorker.execute(TestWorker.java:100)
at org.gradle.api.internal.tasks.testing.worker.TestWorker.execute(TestWorker.java:60)
at org.gradle.process.internal.worker.child.ActionExecutionWorker.execute(ActionExecutionWorker.java:56)
at org.gradle.process.internal.worker.child.SystemApplicationClassLoaderWorker.call(SystemApplicationClassLoaderWorker.java:113)
at org.gradle.process.internal.worker.child.SystemApplicationClassLoaderWorker.call(SystemApplicationClassLoaderWorker.java:65)
at app//worker.org.gradle.process.internal.worker.GradleWorkerMain.run(GradleWorkerMain.java:69)
at app//worker.org.gradle.process.internal.worker.GradleWorkerMain.main(GradleWorkerMain.java:74)
Caused by: Exception [EclipseLink-4002] (Eclipse Persistence Services - 4.0.2.v202306161219): org.eclipse.persistence.exceptions.DatabaseException
Internal Exception: org.postgresql.util.PSQLException: Connection to localhost:5432 refused. Check that the hostname and port are correct and that the postmaster is accepting TCP/IP connections.
Error Code: 0
at app//org.eclipse.persistence.exceptions.DatabaseException.sqlException(DatabaseException.java:334)
at app//org.eclipse.persistence.exceptions.DatabaseException.sqlException(DatabaseException.java:329)
at app//org.eclipse.persistence.sessions.DefaultConnector.connect(DefaultConnector.java:142)
at app//org.eclipse.persistence.sessions.DatasourceLogin.connectToDatasource(DatasourceLogin.java:174)
at app//org.eclipse.persistence.internal.sessions.DatabaseSessionImpl.setOrDetectDatasource(DatabaseSessionImpl.java:226)
at app//org.eclipse.persistence.internal.sessions.DatabaseSessionImpl.loginAndDetectDatasource(DatabaseSessionImpl.java:809)
at app//org.eclipse.persistence.internal.jpa.EntityManagerFactoryProvider.login(EntityManagerFactoryProvider.java:259)
at app//org.eclipse.persistence.internal.jpa.EntityManagerSetupImpl.deploy(EntityManagerSetupImpl.java:771)
... 111 more
Caused by: org.postgresql.util.PSQLException: Connection to localhost:5432 refused. Check that the hostname and port are correct and that the postmaster is accepting TCP/IP connections.
at app//org.postgresql.core.v3.ConnectionFactoryImpl.openConnectionImpl(ConnectionFactoryImpl.java:342)
at app//org.postgresql.core.ConnectionFactory.openConnection(ConnectionFactory.java:54)
at app//org.postgresql.jdbc.PgConnection.<init>(PgConnection.java:263)
at app//org.postgresql.Driver.makeConnection(Driver.java:443)
at app//org.postgresql.Driver.connect(Driver.java:297)
at platform/[email protected]/java.sql.DriverManager.getConnection(DriverManager.java:681)
at platform/[email protected]/java.sql.DriverManager.getConnection(DriverManager.java:190)
at app//org.eclipse.persistence.sessions.DefaultConnector.connect(DefaultConnector.java:102)
... 116 more
Caused by: java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused
at java.base/sun.nio.ch.Net.pollConnect(Native Method)
at java.base/sun.nio.ch.Net.pollConnectNow(Net.java:672)
at java.base/sun.nio.ch.NioSocketImpl.timedFinishConnect(NioSocketImpl.java:542)
at java.base/sun.nio.ch.NioSocketImpl.connect(NioSocketImpl.java:597)
at java.base/java.net.SocksSocketImpl.connect(SocksSocketImpl.java:327)
at java.base/java.net.Socket.connect(Socket.java:633)
at org.postgresql.core.PGStream.createSocket(PGStream.java:243)
at org.postgresql.core.PGStream.<init>(PGStream.java:98)
at org.postgresql.core.v3.ConnectionFactoryImpl.tryConnect(ConnectionFactoryImpl.java:132)
at org.postgresql.core.v3.ConnectionFactoryImpl.openConnectionImpl(ConnectionFactoryImpl.java:258)
... 123 more
I've also tried setting .withNetworkAliases("some_alias") and using some_alias as the hostname, but the error message is similar.
Basically, the tests are unable to access the running Docker container with the provided settings. Not sure why this is happening, but looks like I'm missing something obvious.
The issue was around the port numbers. Every time Testcontainers starts a new Docker container, the internal port 5432 is mapped to a random port — and that's the one should be used.
I ended up using the approach with the specially modified JDBC URL Driver, so I made the following changes:
org.testcontainers:junit-jupiter:1.18.3JUnit Jupiter setup — Testcontainers-specific annotations within tests, etc.jakarta.persistence.jdbc.driver's value to org.testcontainers.jdbc.ContainerDatabaseDriver — although it works as well with org.postgresql.Driverjakarta.persistence.jdbc.url's value to jdbc:tc:postgresql:15.3-alpine3.18:///jakarta_persistence?currentSchema=my_schema_name