Native image building environment: CentOS Linux release 7.9.2009 (Core), graalvm-ce-java17-22.3.0. The jar file is built by Zulu 17.0.5+8 (also tried 1.8) with NetBeans 15 on Windows 10. Netty dependencies:
<dependency>
<groupId>io.netty</groupId>
<artifactId>netty-buffer</artifactId>
<version>4.1.86.Final</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.netty</groupId>
<artifactId>netty-handler</artifactId>
<version>4.1.86.Final</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.netty</groupId>
<artifactId>netty-codec-http</artifactId>
<version>4.1.86.Final</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.netty.incubator</groupId>
<artifactId>netty-incubator-codec-native-quic</artifactId>
<version>0.0.35.Final</version>
<classifier>linux-x86_64</classifier>
</dependency>
Error Message:
[root@secure-baud-2 ~]# native-image -jar myapp-1.0-jar-with-dependencies.jar myapp
========================================================================================================================
GraalVM Native Image: Generating 'myapp' (executable)...
========================================================================================================================
Warning: Could not register io.netty.handler.codec.compression.Lz4FrameDecoder: queryAllPublicMethods for reflection. Reason: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: net/jpountz/lz4/LZ4Exception.
Warning: Could not register io.netty.handler.codec.compression.Lz4FrameEncoder: queryAllPublicMethods for reflection. Reason: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: net/jpountz/lz4/LZ4Exception.
Warning: Could not register io.netty.handler.codec.marshalling.CompatibleMarshallingDecoder: queryAllPublicMethods for reflection. Reason: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/jboss/marshalling/ByteInput.
Warning: Could not register io.netty.handler.codec.marshalling.CompatibleMarshallingEncoder: queryAllPublicMethods for reflection. Reason: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/jboss/marshalling/ByteOutput.
Warning: Could not register io.netty.handler.codec.marshalling.MarshallingDecoder: queryAllPublicMethods for reflection. Reason: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/jboss/marshalling/ByteInput.
Warning: Could not register io.netty.handler.codec.marshalling.MarshallingEncoder: queryAllPublicMethods for reflection. Reason: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/jboss/marshalling/ByteOutput.
Warning: Could not register io.netty.handler.codec.protobuf.ProtobufDecoder: queryAllPublicMethods for reflection. Reason: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: com/google/protobuf/ExtensionRegistryLite.
Warning: Could not register io.netty.handler.codec.compression.Lz4FrameDecoder: queryAllPublicMethods for reflection. Reason: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: net/jpountz/lz4/LZ4Exception.
Warning: Could not register io.netty.handler.codec.compression.Lz4FrameEncoder: queryAllPublicMethods for reflection. Reason: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: net/jpountz/lz4/LZ4Exception.
Warning: Could not register io.netty.handler.codec.marshalling.CompatibleMarshallingDecoder: queryAllPublicMethods for reflection. Reason: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/jboss/marshalling/ByteInput.
Warning: Could not register io.netty.handler.codec.marshalling.CompatibleMarshallingEncoder: queryAllPublicMethods for reflection. Reason: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/jboss/marshalling/ByteOutput.
Warning: Could not register io.netty.handler.codec.marshalling.MarshallingDecoder: queryAllPublicMethods for reflection. Reason: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/jboss/marshalling/ByteInput.
Warning: Could not register io.netty.handler.codec.marshalling.MarshallingEncoder: queryAllPublicMethods for reflection. Reason: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/jboss/marshalling/ByteOutput.
Warning: Could not register io.netty.handler.codec.protobuf.ProtobufDecoder: queryAllPublicMethods for reflection. Reason: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: com/google/protobuf/ExtensionRegistryLite.
[1/7] Initializing... (20.5s @ 0.24GB)
Version info: 'GraalVM 22.3.0 Java 17 CE'
Java version info: '17.0.5+8-jvmci-22.3-b08'
C compiler: gcc (redhat, x86_64, 4.8.5)
Garbage collector: Serial GC
[2/7] Performing analysis... [] (20.9s @ 0.18GB)
1,273 (57.47%) of 2,215 classes reachable
836 (28.14%) of 2,971 fields reachable
3,577 (51.30%) of 6,973 methods reachable
23 classes, 0 fields, and 0 methods registered for reflection
Fatal error: com.oracle.graal.pointsto.util.AnalysisError$ParsingError: Error encountered while parsing io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoop.openSelector()
Parsing context:
at io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoop.openSelector(NioEventLoop.java:177)
at io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoop.<init>(NioEventLoop.java:146)
at io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup.newChild(NioEventLoopGroup.java:183)
at io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup.newChild(NioEventLoopGroup.java:38)
at io.netty.util.concurrent.MultithreadEventExecutorGroup.<init>(MultithreadEventExecutorGroup.java:84)
at io.netty.util.concurrent.MultithreadEventExecutorGroup.<init>(MultithreadEventExecutorGroup.java:60)
at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.util.AnalysisError.parsingError(AnalysisError.java:153)
at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.flow.MethodTypeFlow.createFlowsGraph(MethodTypeFlow.java:104)
at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.flow.MethodTypeFlow.ensureFlowsGraphCreated(MethodTypeFlow.java:83)
at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.flow.MethodTypeFlow.getOrCreateMethodFlowsGraph(MethodTypeFlow.java:65)
at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.typestate.DefaultSpecialInvokeTypeFlow.onObservedUpdate(DefaultSpecialInvokeTypeFlow.java:61)
at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.flow.TypeFlow.update(TypeFlow.java:562)
at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.PointsToAnalysis$1.run(PointsToAnalysis.java:488)
at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.util.CompletionExecutor.executeCommand(CompletionExecutor.java:193)
at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.util.CompletionExecutor.lambda$executeService$0(CompletionExecutor.java:177)
at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinTask$RunnableExecuteAction.exec(ForkJoinTask.java:1395)
at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinTask.doExec(ForkJoinTask.java:373)
at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPool$WorkQueue.topLevelExec(ForkJoinPool.java:1182)
at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPool.scan(ForkJoinPool.java:1655)
at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPool.runWorker(ForkJoinPool.java:1622)
at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinWorkerThread.run(ForkJoinWorkerThread.java:165)
Caused by: com.oracle.graal.pointsto.constraints.UnsupportedFeatureException: No instances of org.slf4j.simple.SimpleLogger are allowed in the image heap as this class should be initialized at image runtime. To see how this object got instantiated use --trace-object-instantiation=org.slf4j.simple.SimpleLogger.
at org.graalvm.nativeimage.builder/com.oracle.svm.hosted.classinitialization.ClassInitializationFeature.checkImageHeapInstance(ClassInitializationFeature.java:132)
at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.meta.AnalysisUniverse.replaceObject(AnalysisUniverse.java:595)
at org.graalvm.nativeimage.builder/com.oracle.svm.hosted.ameta.AnalysisConstantReflectionProvider.replaceObject(AnalysisConstantReflectionProvider.java:177)
at org.graalvm.nativeimage.builder/com.oracle.svm.hosted.ameta.AnalysisConstantReflectionProvider.interceptValue(AnalysisConstantReflectionProvider.java:148)
at org.graalvm.nativeimage.builder/com.oracle.svm.hosted.ameta.AnalysisConstantReflectionProvider.readValue(AnalysisConstantReflectionProvider.java:100)
at org.graalvm.nativeimage.builder/com.oracle.svm.hosted.ameta.AnalysisConstantReflectionProvider.readFieldValue(AnalysisConstantReflectionProvider.java:79)
at jdk.internal.vm.compiler/org.graalvm.compiler.nodes.util.ConstantFoldUtil$1.readValue(ConstantFoldUtil.java:55)
at jdk.internal.vm.compiler/org.graalvm.compiler.core.common.spi.JavaConstantFieldProvider.readConstantField(JavaConstantFieldProvider.java:78)
at org.graalvm.nativeimage.builder/com.oracle.svm.hosted.ameta.AnalysisConstantFieldProvider.readConstantField(AnalysisConstantFieldProvider.java:72)
at jdk.internal.vm.compiler/org.graalvm.compiler.nodes.util.ConstantFoldUtil.tryConstantFold(ConstantFoldUtil.java:51)
at jdk.internal.vm.compiler/org.graalvm.compiler.nodes.java.LoadFieldNode.asConstant(LoadFieldNode.java:178)
at jdk.internal.vm.compiler/org.graalvm.compiler.nodes.java.LoadFieldNode.canonical(LoadFieldNode.java:144)
at jdk.internal.vm.compiler/org.graalvm.compiler.nodes.java.LoadFieldNode.canonical(LoadFieldNode.java:135)
at jdk.internal.vm.compiler/org.graalvm.compiler.nodes.java.LoadFieldNode.canonical(LoadFieldNode.java:72)
at jdk.internal.vm.compiler/org.graalvm.compiler.nodes.spi.Canonicalizable$Unary.canonical(Canonicalizable.java:101)
at jdk.internal.vm.compiler/org.graalvm.compiler.nodes.SimplifyingGraphDecoder.canonicalizeFixedNode(SimplifyingGraphDecoder.java:214)
at jdk.internal.vm.compiler/org.graalvm.compiler.replacements.PEGraphDecoder.canonicalizeFixedNode(PEGraphDecoder.java:1572)
at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.phases.InlineBeforeAnalysisGraphDecoder.canonicalizeFixedNode(InlineBeforeAnalysis.java:192)
at jdk.internal.vm.compiler/org.graalvm.compiler.nodes.SimplifyingGraphDecoder.handleFixedNode(SimplifyingGraphDecoder.java:193)
at jdk.internal.vm.compiler/org.graalvm.compiler.nodes.GraphDecoder.processNextNode(GraphDecoder.java:821)
at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.phases.InlineBeforeAnalysisGraphDecoder.processNextNode(InlineBeforeAnalysis.java:240)
at jdk.internal.vm.compiler/org.graalvm.compiler.nodes.GraphDecoder.decode(GraphDecoder.java:548)
at jdk.internal.vm.compiler/org.graalvm.compiler.replacements.PEGraphDecoder.decode(PEGraphDecoder.java:833)
at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.phases.InlineBeforeAnalysis.decodeGraph(InlineBeforeAnalysis.java:98)
at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.flow.MethodTypeFlowBuilder.parse(MethodTypeFlowBuilder.java:179)
at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.flow.MethodTypeFlowBuilder.apply(MethodTypeFlowBuilder.java:349)
at org.graalvm.nativeimage.pointsto/com.oracle.graal.pointsto.flow.MethodTypeFlow.createFlowsGraph(MethodTypeFlow.java:93)
... 13 more
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.6s (3.7% of total time) in 12 GCs | Peak RSS: 0.68GB | CPU load: 1.89
========================================================================================================================
Failed generating 'myapp' after 42.6s.
Error: Image build request failed with exit status 1
I saw there is a similar issue at GitHub, it was closed in 2020, with a comment "Please use a more recent version of Netty, the latest release is recommended. It should contain all the necessary support code for building Native Image." Now is Jan 2023 and I still got the above problem.
I finally cracked the recipe:
native-image -jar myapp-1.0-jar-with-dependencies.jar myapp \
--initialize-at-build-time=org.slf4j.simple.SimpleLogger \
--initialize-at-build-time=io.netty.util.internal.logging.Slf4JLoggerFactory \
--initialize-at-build-time=io.netty.channel.MultithreadEventLoopGroup \
--initialize-at-build-time=io.netty.util.internal.logging.InternalLoggerFactory \
--initialize-at-build-time=org.slf4j.LoggerFactory \
--initialize-at-run-time=io.netty.channel.DefaultFileRegion \
--initialize-at-run-time=io.netty.channel.epoll.Native \
--initialize-at-run-time=io.netty.channel.epoll.Epoll \
--initialize-at-run-time=io.netty.channel.epoll.EpollEventLoop \
--initialize-at-run-time=io.netty.channel.epoll.EpollEventArray \
--initialize-at-run-time=io.netty.channel.kqueue.KQueue \
--initialize-at-run-time=io.netty.channel.kqueue.KQueueEventLoop \
--initialize-at-run-time=io.netty.channel.kqueue.KQueueEventArray \
--initialize-at-run-time=io.netty.channel.kqueue.Native \
--initialize-at-run-time=io.netty.channel.unix.Limits \
--initialize-at-run-time=io.netty.channel.unix.Errors \
--initialize-at-run-time=io.netty.channel.unix.IovArray \
--initialize-at-run-time=io.netty.handler.ssl.BouncyCastleAlpnSslUtils \
--initialize-at-run-time=io.netty.incubator.codec.quic.InsecureQuicTokenHandler \
--initialize-at-run-time=io.netty.incubator.codec.quic.SecureRandomQuicConnectionIdGenerator \
--report-unsupported-elements-at-runtime \
-H:+ReportExceptionStackTraces
No secret but keep trying and studying the output and following the suggestions and adjusting. But it's not easy, I tried different combinations of initialize-at-build-time and initialize-at-run-time with all these classes. I think the tool may need to be improved to save this kind of try.
Right now the jar file is compiled successfully (also thanks to the help from @Karam), but I am still struggling to handle some run-time exceptions prompted out from running the compiled output which never been thrown when running as a jar file.