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jsonswiftjsondecoder

How to decode JSON Into different types?


I have this local JSON File, which contains title, start and end. I want to create dates from the start and end keys, but a String for the title, so I can create Event objects. Right now I have decoded everything into Strings. So I'm trying to create a custom init, but an error keeps showing up "Return from initializer without initializing all stored properties". Not sure what am I doing wrong

Here's my Event model and my JSONFile

struct Event: Decodable & Equatable {
    let title : String
    let start : Date
    let end : Date
    
    //Custom decoding init
    init(from decoder : Decoder) throws {
        
        let container = try decoder.singleValueContainer()
        let stringType = try container.decode(String.self)
        
        switch stringType {
        case "title":
            self.title = try container.decode(String.self)
        case "start":
            self.start = try container.decode(Date.self)
        case "end":
            self.end = try container.decode(Date.self)
        default:
            throw DecodingError.dataCorruptedError(in: container, debugDescription: "Not valid date \(stringType)")
        }
    }
}

JSON

 [{"title": "Evening Picnic", "start": "November 10, 2018 6:00 PM", "end": "November 10, 2018 7:00 PM"}, {"title": "Nap Break", "start": "November 8, 2018 12:30 PM", "end": "November 8, 2018 1:30 PM"}, {"title": "Football Game", "start": "November 3, 2018 6:00 PM", "end": "November 3, 2018 10:00 PM"}, {"title": "Evening Cookout with Friends", "start": "November 6, 2018 5:00 PM", "end": "November 6, 2018 10:00 PM"}, {"title": "Roller Derby", "start": "November 7, 2018 12:00 PM", "end": "November 7, 2018 2:30 PM"}, {"title": "Basketball Game", "start": "November 8, 2018 7:30 PM", "end": "November 8, 2018 10:30 PM"}, {"title": "Local Pub with Friends", "start": "November 1, 2018 7:30 PM", "end": "November 1, 2018 11:00 PM"}, {"title": "Dentist Appointment", "start": "November 10, 2018 1:45 PM", "end": "November 10, 2018 2:30 PM"}, {"title": "Free Donuts", "start": "November 9, 2018 3:00 PM", "end": "November 9, 2018 4:00 PM"}, {"title": "TV Show Marathon", "start": "November 9, 2018 4:30 PM", "end": "November 9, 2018 9:00 PM"}, {"title": "Lunch with Friends", "start": "November 8, 2018 11:30 AM", "end": "November 8, 2018 1:00 PM"}, {"title": "SF Coffee Festival","start": "November 6, 2018 6:00 PM","end": "November 6, 2018 9:00 PM"}, {"title": "Beer with Friends", "start": "November 9, 2018 8:00 PM", "end": "November 9, 2018 9:30 PM"}, {"title": "Yoga", "start": "November 1, 2018 6:00 PM", "end": "November 1, 2018 7:30 PM"}, {"title": "Rock Concert", "start": "November 7, 2018 6:30 PM", "end": "November 7, 2018 11:00 PM"}, {"title": "Lunch Meeting", "start": "November 9, 2018 12:30 PM", "end": "November 9, 2018 2:30 PM"}, {"title": "Bicycling with Friends", "start": "November 1, 2018 6:00 AM", "end": "November 1, 2018 9:30 AM"}, {"title": "Birthday Party", "start": "November 10, 2018 12:30 PM", "end": "November 10, 2018 8:30 PM"}, {"title": "Football Tailgate with John", "start": "November 3, 2018 6:00 PM", "end": "November 3, 2018 10:00 PM"}]

Solution

  • There are no different types, all values in all dictionaries have always the same type String.

    Therefore singleValueContainer is the wrong approach, and a custom initializer is not needed at all.

    To decode the string dates to Date just add an appropriate date decoding strategy

    let jsonString = """
     [{"title": "Evening Picnic", "start": "November 10, 2018 6:00 PM", "end": "November 10, 2018 7:00 PM"}, {"title": "Nap Break", "start": "November 8, 2018 12:30 PM", "end": "November 8, 2018 1:30 PM"}, {"title": "Football Game", "start": "November 3, 2018 6:00 PM", "end": "November 3, 2018 10:00 PM"}, {"title": "Evening Cookout with Friends", "start": "November 6, 2018 5:00 PM", "end": "November 6, 2018 10:00 PM"}, {"title": "Roller Derby", "start": "November 7, 2018 12:00 PM", "end": "November 7, 2018 2:30 PM"}, {"title": "Basketball Game", "start": "November 8, 2018 7:30 PM", "end": "November 8, 2018 10:30 PM"}, {"title": "Local Pub with Friends", "start": "November 1, 2018 7:30 PM", "end": "November 1, 2018 11:00 PM"}, {"title": "Dentist Appointment", "start": "November 10, 2018 1:45 PM", "end": "November 10, 2018 2:30 PM"}, {"title": "Free Donuts", "start": "November 9, 2018 3:00 PM", "end": "November 9, 2018 4:00 PM"}, {"title": "TV Show Marathon", "start": "November 9, 2018 4:30 PM", "end": "November 9, 2018 9:00 PM"}, {"title": "Lunch with Friends", "start": "November 8, 2018 11:30 AM", "end": "November 8, 2018 1:00 PM"}, {"title": "SF Coffee Festival","start": "November 6, 2018 6:00 PM","end": "November 6, 2018 9:00 PM"}, {"title": "Beer with Friends", "start": "November 9, 2018 8:00 PM", "end": "November 9, 2018 9:30 PM"}, {"title": "Yoga", "start": "November 1, 2018 6:00 PM", "end": "November 1, 2018 7:30 PM"}, {"title": "Rock Concert", "start": "November 7, 2018 6:30 PM", "end": "November 7, 2018 11:00 PM"}, {"title": "Lunch Meeting", "start": "November 9, 2018 12:30 PM", "end": "November 9, 2018 2:30 PM"}, {"title": "Bicycling with Friends", "start": "November 1, 2018 6:00 AM", "end": "November 1, 2018 9:30 AM"}, {"title": "Birthday Party", "start": "November 10, 2018 12:30 PM", "end": "November 10, 2018 8:30 PM"}, {"title": "Football Tailgate with John", "start": "November 3, 2018 6:00 PM", "end": "November 3, 2018 10:00 PM"}]
    """
    
    struct Event : Decodable {
        let title : String
        let start, end : Date
    }
    
    let formatter = DateFormatter()
    formatter.locale = Locale(identifier: "en_US_POSIX")
    formatter.dateFormat = "MMMM dd, yyyy h:mm a"
    
    do {
        let decoder = JSONDecoder()
        decoder.dateDecodingStrategy = .formatted(formatter)
        let result = try decoder.decode([Event].self, from: Data(jsonString.utf8))
        print(result)
    } catch {
        print(error)
    }