I am trying to call an xlwings python script from within Excel, but I a get an error message as soon as I try to import numpy: Original error was: DLL load failed while importing _multiarray_umath: The specified module could not be found.
Multiple sites suggest that this might be a question of conda not being properly installed, but I cannot figure out how to get it right.
The script I am working with is this. It works without import numpy as np, and as soon as the line is uncommented, I get the above error message.
import xlwings as xw
#import numpy as np
# uncommenting the above line will lead to the error message
def main():
wb = xw.Book.caller()
sheet = wb.sheets[0]
if sheet["A1"].value == "Hello xlwings!":
sheet["A1"].value = "Bye xlwings!"
else:
sheet["A1"].value = "Hello xlwings!"
@xw.func
def add_two(x):
return x+2
@xw.func
def hello(name):
return f"Hello {name}!"
if __name__ == "__main__":
xw.Book("test_project.xlsm").set_mock_caller()
main()
Just running python in the console works:
(xlwings) PS C:\tools\Anaconda3\envs\xlwings> ./python -i
Python 3.9.7 | packaged by conda-forge | (default, Sep 29 2021, 19:20:16) [MSC v.1916 64 bit (AMD64)] on win32
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import pandas as pd
>>> import numpy as np
>>> df = pd.DataFrame({'a': [1,2,3], 'b': [2,3,4]})
>>> print(df)
a b
0 1 2
1 2 3
2 3 4
>>> exit()
(xlwings) PS C:\tools\Anaconda3\envs\xlwings>
I installed xlwings in its own environment, versions are:
# packages in environment at C:\tools\Anaconda3\envs\xlwings:
#
# Name Version Build Channel
ca-certificates 2021.10.8 h5b45459_0 conda-forge
intel-openmp 2021.4.0 h57928b3_3556 conda-forge
libblas 3.9.0 12_win64_mkl conda-forge
libcblas 3.9.0 12_win64_mkl conda-forge
liblapack 3.9.0 12_win64_mkl conda-forge
mkl 2021.4.0 h0e2418a_729 conda-forge
numpy 1.21.2 py39h6635163_0 conda-forge
openssl 3.0.0 h8ffe710_1 conda-forge
pandas 1.3.3 py39h2e25243_0 conda-forge
pip 21.3 pyhd8ed1ab_0 conda-forge
python 3.9.7 h900ac77_3_cpython conda-forge
python-dateutil 2.8.2 pyhd8ed1ab_0 conda-forge
python_abi 3.9 2_cp39 conda-forge
pytz 2021.3 pyhd8ed1ab_0 conda-forge
pywin32 301 py39hb82d6ee_0 conda-forge
setuptools 58.2.0 py39hcbf5309_0 conda-forge
six 1.16.0 pyh6c4a22f_0 conda-forge
sqlite 3.36.0 h8ffe710_2 conda-forge
tbb 2021.3.0 h2d74725_0 conda-forge
tzdata 2021c he74cb21_0 conda-forge
ucrt 10.0.20348.0 h57928b3_0 conda-forge
vc 14.2 hb210afc_5 conda-forge
vs2015_runtime 14.29.30037 h902a5da_5 conda-forge
wheel 0.37.0 pyhd8ed1ab_1 conda-forge
xlwings 0.24.9 py39hcbf5309_0 conda-forge
The xlwings config parameters are (sheet xlwings.conf):
Interpreter_Win C:\tools\Anaconda3\envs\xlwings\python.exe
Interpreter_Mac
PYTHONPATH
Conda Path C:\tools\Anaconda3
Conda Env xlwings
UDF Modules
Debug UDFs FALSE
Use UDF Server FALSE
Show Console TRUE
And the full error message is here:
---------------------------
Error
---------------------------
Original error was: DLL load failed while importing _multiarray_umath: The specified module could not be found.
Please carefully study the documentation linked above for further help.
and make sure that they are the versions you expect.
* The NumPy version is: "1.20.3"
* The Python version is: Python3.8 from "C:\tools\Anaconda3\python.exe"
Please note and check the following:
https://numpy.org/devdocs/user/troubleshooting-importerror.html
We have compiled some common reasons and troubleshooting tips at:
installed.
many reasons, often due to issues with your setup or how NumPy was
Importing the numpy C-extensions failed. This error can happen for
IMPORTANT: PLEASE READ THIS FOR ADVICE ON HOW TO SOLVE THIS ISSUE!
ImportError:
raise ImportError(msg)
File "C:\tools\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\numpy\core\__init__.py", line 48, in <module>
from . import core
File "C:\tools\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\numpy\__init__.py", line 145, in <module>
import numpy as np
File "c:\users\tobia\onedrive\documents\python scripts\excelpython\test_project\test_project.py", line 2, in <module>
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 219, in _call_with_frames_removed
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 843, in exec_module
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 671, in _load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 975, in _find_and_load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 991, in _find_and_load
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1014, in _gcd_import
return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
File "C:\tools\Anaconda3\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 127, in import_module
module = import_module(module_name)
File "C:\tools\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\xlwings\udfs.py", line 404, in get_udf_module
module = get_udf_module(module_name, xl_workbook)
File "C:\tools\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\xlwings\udfs.py", line 660, in import_udfs
return ToVariant(getattr(obj, method)(*pargs, **kwargs))
File "C:\tools\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\xlwings\server.py", line 194, in Call
return func(*args)
File "C:\tools\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\win32com\server\policy.py", line 586, in _invokeex_
return S_OK, -1, self._invokeex_(dispid, lcid, wFlags, args, None, None)
File "C:\tools\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\win32com\server\policy.py", line 283, in _invoke_
return self._invoke_(dispid, lcid, wFlags, args)
File "C:\tools\Anaconda3\lib\site-packages\win32com\server\policy.py", line 278, in _Invoke_ -2147467259
Press Ctrl+C to copy this message to the clipboard.
---------------------------
OK
---------------------------
Thanks for helping out!
I think I could resolve the problem by not relying on paths to the interpreter, but rather conda and environment:
Basically I only needed to change the sheet "xlwings.conf" to:
Interpreter_Win
Interpreter_Mac
PYTHONPATH
Conda Path C:\tools\Anaconda3
Conda Env xlwings
UDF Modules
Debug UDFs FALSE
Use UDF Server FALSE
Show Console FALSE
(or the equivalent in Excels xlwings menu). This is the link that explained things: https://docs.xlwings.org/en/latest/addin.html#user-settings - "If you use conda envs on Windows, then leave this empty and use Conda Path and Conda Env below instead."