I understand both methods are used for running dapps. What I don't understand is the clear cut difference between the two or how one is more advantageous over the other? I'm new to blockchain, so please explain with a simple terminology.
The difference is:
geth
installation running for you, exposing most used, most low-CPU-consuming methods for you via Web.geth
yourself but you will need a server with about 500GB of SSD disk, and wait 1 month to download the entire State.If you are not going to do any serious monetary transfers I recommend using Etherscan, it is more complete than Infura.