Google Maps has an option to show bicycle lanes. I'm unable to find the way to enable showing that on Google Map's Android SDK. I also looked into Map styling options and couldn't find the option there.
This picture shows Google Maps with the bicycle layer enabled.
As of writing, Bicycle layers
are not yet available for Google Maps Platform - Maps SDK for Android. If you would like this feature to be implemented, I suggest that you file a feature request on the Google Issue tracker in this component.
Here's a similar feature request filed under the Maps SDK for iOS component: https://issuetracker.google.com/issues/35822615
UPDATE: There is now an entry in the Google Issue Tracker which you could star to receive updates and to increase the issue's priority. You can view and star the issue here: https://issuetracker.google.com/141610958