The "data" URL scheme suggests a data uri can include optional parameters in the mediatype:
dataurl := "data:" [ mediatype ] [ ";base64" ] "," data
mediatype := [ type "/" subtype ] *( ";" parameter )
data := *urlchar
parameter := attribute "=" value
The MSDN data uri page also mentions them. The MDN data uri page does not.
Other than charset, what parameters are possible in a data uri's mediatype?
Data URI's are similar to the content-type header. See http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec3.html#sec3.7. You can put any parameter you like in there, but most browsers probably only support charset.