Negative glob in Makefile recipe syntax error

Question

If I run the following command directly in /bin/bash it executes perfectly:

cp test_!(*.o) ./tmp/

(I just want to copy all files but objects)

Anyway if I put this command inside a Makefile recipe it gives

bin/bash: -c: line 0: syntax error near unexpected token `('

Example of Makefile

all:
        cp test_!(*.o) ./tmp/

What's wrong with that?

Answer 1

Your glob:

test_!(*.o)

employs extended globbing syntax.

Look at this:

$ shopt | grep extglob
extglob         on

And then at:

$ cat Makefile
SHELL := /bin/bash

all:
    shopt | grep extglob

$ make
shopt | grep extglob
extglob         off

Invoked in the terminal, bash is in interactive mode (as per bash -i), and shell opt extglob is on.

Invoked by make, bash is not in interactive mode (as per bash -c <command>), and shell opt extglob is off.

You can make your recipe command work by enabling extglob in the .SHELLFLAGS of your makefile, e.g.

$ cat Makefile
SHELL := /bin/bash
.SHELLFLAGS := -O extglob -c

all:
    cp test_!(*.o) ./tmp/

$ make
cp test_!(*.o) ./tmp/
cp: cannot stat 'test_!(*.o)': No such file or directory
Makefile:5: recipe for target 'all' failed
make: *** [all] Error 1

As you see, no matches in my working directory, but no syntax error.