I have been reading the documentation on WebTet and LoadTest projects and visual studio and at the time of creating the project in visual studio 2017 Prfessional I discovered that the template does not exist.
inquiring I discovered that it only exists for the enterprise version. Is there a similar type of project or extension that I can use in the same way for Professional?
No. Web and Load test types and projects are only available in the Enterprise version. See (and expand) the "Testing tools" section of the Visual Studio version comparisons page.