JS: Rebound "this" in contextless function call

Question

The function doSomethingElse in this example fails to execute since its this has been rebound to window or global (if in Node) due to a contextless call inside app.populateDatabase.

Is there any way to avoid this without referencing app inside every function?

loadDatabase function executes a callback according to a logic statement, if an imaginary database didn't exist, it populates it after loading, then the populateDatabase executes the callback it has been provided.

I cannot rebind the onLoaded argument to app since I don't know where it comes from, and the bind/apply/call abstraction overuse creates quite a mess.

var app = {};
app.loadDatabase = function(onLoaded) {

    // If database already exists, only run a callback
    var callback = onLoaded;

    // If database doesn't exists, populate it, then run a callback.
    if (!databaseExists) {
        callback = this.populateDatabase.bind(this, onLoaded);
    }

    this.database = new sqlite.Database("file.db", function(error) {
        if (error) { ... }

        callback();
    })

}

app.populateDatabase = function(onPopulated) {

    // Contextless call here. <--------
    onPopulated();
}

app.doSomethingElse = function() {

    // this != app due to contextless call.
    this.somethingElse();
}

app.run = function() {

    // Load the database, then do something else.
    this.loadDatabase(this.doSomethingElse);
}

app.run();

Answer 1

Just replace this.loadDatabase(this.doSomethingElse); with this.loadDatabase(() => this.doSomethingElse());. This way you create a new arrow function but then doSomethingElse is called with the right this context.

You could also do .bind but I recommend the arrow function. Here with bind: this.loadDatabase(this.doSomethingElse.bind(this))

---

In general consider to move to promises & maybe async functions. Then do this:

this.loadDatabase().then(() => this.doSomethingElse());

or better with an async function:

await this.loadDatabase();
this.doSomethingElse();