With an UWP app I can deploy the appx package to a Raspberry Pi in multiple ways.
From Update apps on your Windows 10 IoT Core devices (12/07/2017):
Is it possible to package a .NET Core app and use these channels to update it remotely (preferably via IoT Hub Device Management)?
Example scenarios are:
There are some limitation when using Azure IoT Device Management:
And also, you need create appx package for the app.
So, I am afraid the answer is NO.
Ref: Application Management of Azure IoT Device Management client