After having lots of discussions and back-and-forths about whether or not a change will help/hinder performance, I'm looking for one of the following:
Can anyone help me out here?
How to assess minor changes in Javascript Performance?
Write benchmarks for your application and run them from your build process. Keep the results in a database and visualise them so that you can monitor them. This is known as performance management.
Of course, most of the things you asked about are micro-optimisations. Avoid those and focus on writing simple (maintainable) and correct code instead. If you feel you need to optimise performance, try something and measure its effects.