The ConcurrentHashMap uses segment level locking mechanism for supporting concurrent modifications. It has three basic parameters
In default case we have Single Lock per Bucket. If the number of buckets are made as 32 then we will have Single Lock per Two Buckets.
How is it managed if number of buckets are Less than the Concurrency Level, i.e. if
Map cMap = new ConcurrentHashMap(16,1,32);
Usually a bucket uses a Collection (Linked List) for the items with Hash-codes colliding in same bucket. Do we have in above case Two Locks per Bucket, if yes then how it is managed, (does half of the collection in a bucket uses one lock and other half uses second lock ?)
I have searched and was able to see the answers if the ConcurrentHashMap is resized to have more buckets than the number of Locks but I was not able to get an answer what if it was the reverse case, i.e :
How ConcurrenthashMap manages if Concurrency level is HIGHER than the number of Buckets ?
This code in the constructor should answer your question:
if (initialCapacity < concurrencyLevel) // Use at least as many bins
initialCapacity = concurrencyLevel; // as estimated threads
See also the documentation:
concurrencyLevel the estimated number of concurrently updating threads. The implementation may use this value as a sizing hint.