I've written a lot of JavaScript before, and adobe air looks really interesting, my question is can Adobe Air:
Thanks for any information. If not, any workarounds, or other potential solutions?
I don't know the exact answer since I've never attempted to do any of it, but I'm pretty sure AIR doesn't have specialized tools for managing ICC Profiles. However I know Java does, so you could easily use NativeProcess to bridge and get the data. Same thing with the USB thing.
I'm naming Java because it comes to mind and is available in both win and mac, but you could eventually use any other native process for each OS.