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The best approach is to write the date of the remark into a property (of type Date) instead of writing it into the node name. This will eliminate the need to rename nodes and also improve your chances to leverage jcr queries to your advantage.
In order to retrieve remarks for a certain date and time use the jcr query api, which allows to search for properties (including Date format of course). Since AEM 6 and jackrabbit oak, you can define a custom index to make sure that a given property query is blazing fast in terms of performance. Note that "order by" is supported as well, in case that ordering is an issue.
In case that you absolutely must stick with the detrimental data model of renaming nodes and sticking dates into node-names, check out the following article how to do it: How can you change the name of a JCR node?