The Datastax documentation states
Cassandra can only restore data from a snapshot when the table schema exists. If you have not backed up the schema, [...]
What is required for a full backup of the schema? Simply backing up the system
keyspace?
There's no need to backup the system keyspaces, they will be recreated when DSE is installed on the new node. However, you'll need the schema for any user-defined keyspaces.
To backup the schema:
$ cqlsh -e "DESCRIBE SCHEMA;" > schema.out
To restore on a new node:
$ cqlsh < schema.out