Splitting words in a variety of ways with Regex

Question

Working on something similar to Solr's WordDelimiterFilter, but not in Java.

Want to split words into tokens like this:

P90X                 = P, 90, X (split on word/number boundary)

TotallyCromulentWord = Totally, Cromulent, Word (split on lowercase/uppercase boundary)

TransAM              = Trans, AM

Looking for a general solution, not specific to the above examples. Preferably in a regex flavour that doesn't support lookbehind, but I can use PL/perl if necessary, which can do lookbehind.

Found a few answers on SO, but they all seemed to use lookbehind.

Things to split on:

1. Transition from lowercase letter to upper case letter
2. Transition from letter to number or number to letter
3. (Optional) split on a few other characters (- _)

My main concern is 1 and 2.

Answer 1

That's not something I'd like to do without lookbehind, but for the challenge, here is a javascript solution that you should be able to easily convert into whatever language:

function split(s) {
    var match;
    var result = [];
    while (Boolean(match = s.match(/([A-Z]+|[A-Z]?[a-z]+|[0-9]+|([^a-zA-Z0-9])+)$/))) {
        if (!match[2]) {
            //don't return non alphanumeric tokens
            result.unshift(match[1]);
        }
        s = s.substring(0, s.length - match[1].length);
    }
    return result;
}

Demo:

P90X [ 'P', '90', 'X' ]
TotallyCromulentWord [ 'Totally', 'Cromulent', 'Word' ]
TransAM [ 'Trans', 'AM' ]
URLConverter [ 'URL', 'Converter' ]
Abc.DEF$012 [ 'Abc', 'DEF', '012' ]