How should this be parsed in C language?
1000
(if octal 012
* 10 ^ 2)
or
1200
(if entire number as decimal)?
A constant with an exponent is always floating-point.
There are no octal floating-point constants in C. (There are hexadecimal floating-point constants, but this isn't one of them).
So 012e2
is an unnecessarily confusing way to write 1200.0
.
(I can think of no good reason to write it this way, unless the intent is to be deliberately confusing.)