I'm puzzled with the following. Say, post_ID of my last post is 100. Now I remove all posts from my WordPress blog and even clear all revisions and so on from database if any, so now I have nothing in my wp_posts and wp_term_relationship. I expect to get post_ID = 1 for a new post. But I get post_ID = 101. Looks like WordPress stores ID for next post somewhere, but I've already spent half a day trying to figure out: where?
It's just an auto incrementing column in the MySQL database. MySQL is using an internal counter, it's nothing to do with WordPress.
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/example-auto-increment.html
Update
To reset your post ids, run the following (substituting in your tablename):
ALTER TABLE tablename AUTO_INCREMENT = 1