Greetings,
I'm trying to work out what query is being used to forward people to my website. I'd appreciate it if anyone could tell me what api call I should be looking into. I'm sure this is possible with javascript as well as ruby and php so any technology is fine.
Just for learning sake I don't mind know what I should be using for all three :)
Having worked with search engines for more than 5 years, I can tell you there's no standard way to retrieve the query value.
As other answers already told you, the first step is to inspect the HTTP_REFERER header. Assuming you are using Rails, you can get it from the request
request.referrer
Otherwise, you need to extract it from request headers in an other way.
Once you have the referrer, then you are in front of 3 main possibilities:
The first option is simple. What you want to know is if the referrer is a search engine. If so, then you need to extract the query.
The most common way to do this is using a checklist. The checklist is usually a list of key/value where the key is the search engine domain and the value the name of the query string parameter that holds the query value.
google.com,q
yahoo.com,p
...
This is the same approach used by Google Analytics. From the ga.js file
g.T=l("daum:q,eniro:search_word,naver:query,images.google:q,google:q,yahoo:p,msn:q,bing:q,aol:query,aol:encquery,lycos:query,ask:q,altavista:q,netscape:query,cnn:query,about:terms,mamma:query,alltheweb:q,voila:rdata,virgilio:qs,live:q,baidu:wd,alice:qs,yandex:text,najdi:q,aol:q,mama:query,seznam:q,search:q,wp:szukaj,onet:qt,szukacz:q,yam:k,pchome:q,kvasir:q,sesam:q,ozu:q,terra:query,mynet:q,ekolay:q,rambler:words");
First host matches both key and value, first wins.