I´m pretty now to all this Asterisk-thingy and I wonder, is there a way how to call a user back from asterisk after he ended (hangup) call and give him a IVR survey, then save results somewhere (in form of audio records or DTMF inputs) ?
Sure there are alot of way to do that. But all require understanding of how asterisk works.
Hangup events can be detected by "h" extensions something like this
exten => h,1,System(/etc/asterisk/create_callback.sh)
After that you have create script for callback, see
You need create IVR in your dialplan http://www.voip-info.org/wiki/view/Asterisk+Dialplan+Introduction