I want to execute a program within Java with a path that is defined by a custom system variable ("CHROME").
new ProcessBuilder("CHROME").start();
Win7: works fine (points to AppData\Local)
Win Vista: does nothing (points to program files)
What do I need to do, to get it running with Vista?
If I understood you correctly, CHROME is a system variable which contains the path to an application. If so, you can try as
String path = System.getenv("CHROME");
new ProcessBuilder(path).start();
or
Runtime.getRuntime().exec(path);