how can I create a truly immutable doubly linked list in C#?

Question

It is more of a theoretical question: Is it possible by any means in C# to create a truly immutable doubly linked list? A problem as I see it is in the mutual dependency of 2 adjacent nodes.

By "truly" I mean using readonly fields.

Answer 1

This is possible to do with tricky constructor logic. For example

public sealed class Node<T> { 
  readonly T m_data;
  readonly Node<T> m_prev;
  readonly Node<T> m_next;

  // Data, Next, Prev accessors omitted for brevity      

  public Node(T data, Node<T> prev, IEnumerator<T> rest) { 
    m_data = data;
    m_prev = prev;
    if (rest.MoveNext()) {
      m_next = new Node(rest.Current, this, rest);
    }
  }
}

public static class Node {    
  public static Node<T> Create<T>(IEnumerable<T> enumerable) {
    using (var enumerator = enumerable.GetEnumerator()) {
      if (!enumerator.MoveNext()) {
        return null;
      }
      return new Node(enumerator.Current, null, enumerator);
    }
  }
}

Node<string> list = Node.Create(new [] { "a", "b", "c", "d" });