How do I get the command line arguments of all running processes in Windows using WMI in the C language?
You must use the Win32_Process WMI class and check the value of the CommandLine property, also take a look to this article How do I get the command line of another process which explains that string is ...just "preinitialized variable", a process could in principle (and many do in practice, although usually inadvertently) write to the memory that holds the command line
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#define _WIN32_WINNT 0x0400
#define _WIN32_DCOM
#include <stdio.h>
#include <tchar.h>
#include <windows.h>
#include <wbemidl.h>
void _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{
HRESULT hr = 0;
IWbemLocator *WbemLocator = NULL;
IWbemServices *WbemServices = NULL;
IEnumWbemClassObject *EnumWbem = NULL;
//initializate the Windows security
hr = CoInitializeEx(0, COINIT_MULTITHREADED);
hr = CoInitializeSecurity(NULL, -1, NULL, NULL, RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_DEFAULT, RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_IMPERSONATE, NULL, EOAC_NONE, NULL);
hr = CoCreateInstance(&CLSID_WbemLocator, 0, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER, &IID_IWbemLocator, (LPVOID *) &WbemLocator);
//connect to the WMI
hr = WbemLocator->lpVtbl->ConnectServer(WbemLocator, L"ROOT\\CIMV2", NULL, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL, &WbemServices);
//Run the WQL Query
hr = WbemServices->lpVtbl->ExecQuery(WbemServices, L"WQL", L"SELECT ProcessId,CommandLine FROM Win32_Process", WBEM_FLAG_FORWARD_ONLY, NULL, &EnumWbem);
// Iterate over the enumerator
if (EnumWbem != NULL) {
IWbemClassObject *result = NULL;
ULONG returnedCount = 0;
while((hr = EnumWbem->lpVtbl->Next(EnumWbem, WBEM_INFINITE, 1, &result, &returnedCount)) == S_OK) {
VARIANT ProcessId;
VARIANT CommandLine;
// access the properties
hr = result->lpVtbl->Get(result, L"ProcessId", 0, &ProcessId, 0, 0);
hr = result->lpVtbl->Get(result, L"CommandLine", 0, &CommandLine, 0, 0);
if (!(CommandLine.vt==VT_NULL))
wprintf(L"%u %s \r\n", ProcessId.uintVal, CommandLine.bstrVal);
result->lpVtbl->Release(result);
}
}
// Release the resources
EnumWbem->lpVtbl->Release(EnumWbem);
WbemServices->lpVtbl->Release(WbemServices);
WbemLocator->lpVtbl->Release(WbemLocator);
CoUninitialize();
getchar();
}
#pragma hdrstop
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#include <wbemcli.h>
#include <comdef.h>
//CREDENTIAL structure
//http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa374788%28v=vs.85%29.aspx
#define CRED_MAX_USERNAME_LENGTH 513
#define CRED_MAX_CREDENTIAL_BLOB_SIZE 512
#define CREDUI_MAX_USERNAME_LENGTH CRED_MAX_USERNAME_LENGTH
#define CREDUI_MAX_PASSWORD_LENGTH (CRED_MAX_CREDENTIAL_BLOB_SIZE / 2)
// The Win32_Process class represents a sequence of events on a Win32 system. Any sequence consisting of the interaction of one or more processors or interpreters, some executable code, and a set of inputs, is a descendent (or member) of this class.
// Example: A client application running on a Win32 system.
#pragma argsused
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
wchar_t pszName[CREDUI_MAX_USERNAME_LENGTH+1] = L"user";
wchar_t pszPwd[CREDUI_MAX_PASSWORD_LENGTH+1] = L"password";
BSTR strNetworkResource;
//To use a WMI remote connection set localconn to false and configure the values of the pszName, pszPwd and the name of the remote machine in strNetworkResource
bool localconn = true;
strNetworkResource = localconn ? L"\\\\.\\root\\CIMV2" : L"\\\\remote--machine\\root\\CIMV2";
COAUTHIDENTITY *userAcct = NULL ;
COAUTHIDENTITY authIdent;
// Initialize COM. ------------------------------------------
HRESULT hres;
hres = CoInitializeEx(0, COINIT_MULTITHREADED);
if (FAILED(hres))
{
cout << "Failed to initialize COM library. Error code = 0x" << hex << hres << endl;
cout << _com_error(hres).ErrorMessage() << endl;
cout << "press enter to exit" << endl;
cin.get();
return 1; // Program has failed.
}
// Set general COM security levels --------------------------
if (localconn)
hres = CoInitializeSecurity(
NULL,
-1, // COM authentication
NULL, // Authentication services
NULL, // Reserved
RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_DEFAULT, // Default authentication
RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_IMPERSONATE, // Default Impersonation
NULL, // Authentication info
EOAC_NONE, // Additional capabilities
NULL // Reserved
);
else
hres = CoInitializeSecurity(
NULL,
-1, // COM authentication
NULL, // Authentication services
NULL, // Reserved
RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_DEFAULT, // Default authentication
RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_IDENTIFY, // Default Impersonation
NULL, // Authentication info
EOAC_NONE, // Additional capabilities
NULL // Reserved
);
if (FAILED(hres))
{
cout << "Failed to initialize security. Error code = 0x" << hex << hres << endl;
cout << _com_error(hres).ErrorMessage() << endl;
CoUninitialize();
cout << "press enter to exit" << endl;
cin.get();
return 1; // Program has failed.
}
// Obtain the initial locator to WMI -------------------------
IWbemLocator *pLoc = NULL;
hres = CoCreateInstance(CLSID_WbemLocator, 0, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER, IID_IWbemLocator, (LPVOID *) &pLoc);
if (FAILED(hres))
{
cout << "Failed to create IWbemLocator object." << " Err code = 0x" << hex << hres << endl;
cout << _com_error(hres).ErrorMessage() << endl;
CoUninitialize();
cout << "press enter to exit" << endl;
cin.get();
return 1; // Program has failed.
}
// Connect to WMI through the IWbemLocator::ConnectServer method
IWbemServices *pSvc = NULL;
if (localconn)
hres = pLoc->ConnectServer(
strNetworkResource, // Object path of WMI namespace
NULL, // User name. NULL = current user
NULL, // User password. NULL = current
0, // Locale. NULL indicates current
NULL, // Security flags.
0, // Authority (e.g. Kerberos)
0, // Context object
&pSvc // pointer to IWbemServices proxy
);
else
hres = pLoc->ConnectServer(
strNetworkResource, // Object path of WMI namespace
pszName, // User name
pszPwd, // User password
NULL, // Locale
NULL, // Security flags
NULL, // Authority
NULL, // Context object
&pSvc // IWbemServices proxy
);
if (FAILED(hres))
{
cout << "Could not connect. Error code = 0x" << hex << hres << endl;
cout << _com_error(hres).ErrorMessage() << endl;
pLoc->Release();
CoUninitialize();
cout << "press enter to exit" << endl;
cin.get();
return 1; // Program has failed.
}
cout << "Connected to root\\CIMV2 WMI namespace" << endl;
// Set security levels on the proxy -------------------------
if (localconn)
hres = CoSetProxyBlanket(
pSvc, // Indicates the proxy to set
RPC_C_AUTHN_WINNT, // RPC_C_AUTHN_xxx
RPC_C_AUTHZ_NONE, // RPC_C_AUTHZ_xxx
NULL, // Server principal name
RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_CALL, // RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_xxx
RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_IMPERSONATE, // RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_xxx
NULL, // client identity
EOAC_NONE // proxy capabilities
);
else
{
// Create COAUTHIDENTITY that can be used for setting security on proxy
memset(&authIdent, 0, sizeof(COAUTHIDENTITY));
authIdent.PasswordLength = wcslen (pszPwd);
authIdent.Password = (USHORT*)pszPwd;
authIdent.User = (USHORT*)pszName;
authIdent.UserLength = wcslen(pszName);
authIdent.Domain = 0;
authIdent.DomainLength = 0;
authIdent.Flags = SEC_WINNT_AUTH_IDENTITY_UNICODE;
userAcct = &authIdent;
hres = CoSetProxyBlanket(
pSvc, // Indicates the proxy to set
RPC_C_AUTHN_DEFAULT, // RPC_C_AUTHN_xxx
RPC_C_AUTHZ_DEFAULT, // RPC_C_AUTHZ_xxx
COLE_DEFAULT_PRINCIPAL, // Server principal name
RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_PKT_PRIVACY, // RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_xxx
RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_IMPERSONATE, // RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_xxx
userAcct, // client identity
EOAC_NONE // proxy capabilities
);
}
if (FAILED(hres))
{
cout << "Could not set proxy blanket. Error code = 0x" << hex << hres << endl;
cout << _com_error(hres).ErrorMessage() << endl;
pSvc->Release();
pLoc->Release();
CoUninitialize();
cout << "press enter to exit" << endl;
cin.get();
return 1; // Program has failed.
}
// Use the IWbemServices pointer to make requests of WMI ----
IEnumWbemClassObject* pEnumerator = NULL;
hres = pSvc->ExecQuery( L"WQL", L"SELECT CommandLine,ProcessId FROM Win32_Process",
WBEM_FLAG_FORWARD_ONLY | WBEM_FLAG_RETURN_IMMEDIATELY, NULL, &pEnumerator);
if (FAILED(hres))
{
cout << "ExecQuery failed" << " Error code = 0x" << hex << hres << endl;
cout << _com_error(hres).ErrorMessage() << endl;
pSvc->Release();
pLoc->Release();
CoUninitialize();
cout << "press enter to exit" << endl;
cin.get();
return 1; // Program has failed.
}
// Secure the enumerator proxy
if (!localconn)
{
hres = CoSetProxyBlanket(
pEnumerator, // Indicates the proxy to set
RPC_C_AUTHN_DEFAULT, // RPC_C_AUTHN_xxx
RPC_C_AUTHZ_DEFAULT, // RPC_C_AUTHZ_xxx
COLE_DEFAULT_PRINCIPAL, // Server principal name
RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_PKT_PRIVACY, // RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_xxx
RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_IMPERSONATE, // RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_xxx
userAcct, // client identity
EOAC_NONE // proxy capabilities
);
if (FAILED(hres))
{
cout << "Could not set proxy blanket on enumerator. Error code = 0x" << hex << hres << endl;
cout << _com_error(hres).ErrorMessage() << endl;
pEnumerator->Release();
pSvc->Release();
pLoc->Release();
CoUninitialize();
cout << "press enter to exit" << endl;
cin.get();
return 1; // Program has failed.
}
}
// Get the data from the WQL sentence
IWbemClassObject *pclsObj = NULL;
ULONG uReturn = 0;
while (pEnumerator)
{
HRESULT hr = pEnumerator->Next(WBEM_INFINITE, 1, &pclsObj, &uReturn);
if(0 == uReturn || FAILED(hr))
break;
VARIANT vtProp;
hr = pclsObj->Get(L"CommandLine", 0, &vtProp, 0, 0);// String
if (!FAILED(hr))
{
if ((vtProp.vt==VT_NULL) || (vtProp.vt==VT_EMPTY))
wcout << "CommandLine : " << ((vtProp.vt==VT_NULL) ? "NULL" : "EMPTY") << endl;
else
if ((vtProp.vt & VT_ARRAY))
wcout << "CommandLine : " << "Array types not supported (yet)" << endl;
else
wcout << "CommandLine : " << vtProp.bstrVal << endl;
}
VariantClear(&vtProp);
hr = pclsObj->Get(L"ProcessId", 0, &vtProp, 0, 0);// Uint32
if (!FAILED(hr))
{
if ((vtProp.vt==VT_NULL) || (vtProp.vt==VT_EMPTY))
wcout << "ProcessId : " << ((vtProp.vt==VT_NULL) ? "NULL" : "EMPTY") << endl;
else
if ((vtProp.vt & VT_ARRAY))
wcout << "ProcessId : " << "Array types not supported (yet)" << endl;
else
wcout << "ProcessId : " << vtProp.uintVal << endl;
}
VariantClear(&vtProp);
pclsObj->Release();
pclsObj=NULL;
}
// Cleanup
pSvc->Release();
pLoc->Release();
pEnumerator->Release();
if (pclsObj!=NULL)
pclsObj->Release();
CoUninitialize();
cout << "press enter to exit" << endl;
cin.get();
return 0; // Program successfully completed.
}