I am trying to identify an extended ascii charset where 0xE1 is an "a" with an umlaut (8859-1 character E4) and 0xF5 is a "u" with an umlaut (8859-1 character FC). Has anyone seen this charset before? It quite possibly dates back to the 80's.
To my knowledge, there are no standard ASCII character sets which use those symbols. Here is a list of the standard character sets: http://www.columbia.edu/kermit/csettables.html
However, the character set you referenced is in fact used for interfacing with some LEDs, for example HT1632-compliant LEDs use the same character set: http://blog.thiseldo.co.uk/wp-filez/USB_HT1632_Matrix.pde
I hope this helps.