How to import database inside dockerfile?

Question

I have a project developed with PHP and I want to move it inside a Docker container. I want to import database automatically inside Dockerfile.

If I import the database after building the container all works fine (docker exec -it my-laravel-app bash then mysql -u user -p1993 -h db bsp < /var/www/database/bsp.sql).

I get the error failed to solve: process "/bin/sh -c wait-for-it -t 30 ${DB_HOST}:${DB_PORT} if [ -f /var/www/database/bsp.sql ]; then mysql -u ${DB_USERNAME} -p${DB_PASSWORD} -h ${DB_HOST} ${DB_DATABASE} < /var/www/database/bsp.sql; fi" did not complete successfully: exit code: 2.

Dockerfile

# Set the base image for subsequent instructions
FROM php:8.2-fpm

# Install dependencies
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y \
    build-essential \
    libpng-dev \
    libonig-dev \
    libxml2-dev \
    zip \
    curl \
    unzip \
    git \
    libzip-dev \
    libfreetype6-dev \
    libjpeg62-turbo-dev \
    default-mysql-client \
    wait-for-it \
    libpng-dev && \
    docker-php-ext-install pdo_mysql mbstring exif pcntl bcmath gd zip

# Clear cache
RUN apt-get clean && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*

# Install Composer
COPY --from=composer:latest /usr/bin/composer /usr/bin/composer

# Set working directory
WORKDIR /var/www

# Remove default server definition
RUN rm -rf /var/www/html

# Copy existing application directory contents
COPY . /var/www

# Copy existing application directory permissions
COPY --chown=www-data:www-data . /var/www

# Change current user to www
USER www-data

ENV DB_HOST=db
ENV DB_PORT=3306
ENV DB_DATABASE=bsp
ENV DB_USERNAME=user
ENV DB_PASSWORD=1993

# Wait for the database to be ready and import SQL dump
USER root
RUN wait-for-it -t 30 ${DB_HOST}:${DB_PORT} \
if [ -f /var/www/database/bsp.sql ]; then \
    mysql -u ${DB_USERNAME} -p${DB_PASSWORD} -h ${DB_HOST} ${DB_DATABASE} < /var/www/database/bsp.sql; \
fi
# Expose port 9000 and start php-fpm server
EXPOSE 9000
CMD ["php-fpm"]

Answer 1

I've did it, thanks for your answers! This is the complete docker-compose.yml file. I've used /docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/ directory where I placed the database to be imported.

services:
  app:
    build:
      context: .
      dockerfile: Dockerfile
    image: my-laravel-app
    container_name: my-laravel-app
    restart: unless-stopped
    working_dir: /var/www
    volumes:
      - ./:/var/www
      - ./.env:/var/www/.env
    environment:
      - APP_ENV=local
    networks:
      - app-network

  nginx:
    image: nginx:alpine
    container_name: my-nginx
    ports:
      - "8000:80"
      - "${VITE_PORT:-5173}:${VITE_PORT:-5173}"
    volumes:
      - ./:/var/www
      - ./nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf:ro
      - ./docker/php/local.ini:/usr/local/etc/php/conf.d/local.ini
    depends_on:
      - app
    networks:
      - app-network        

  node:
    platform: linux/arm64/v8
    build:
      context: .
      dockerfile: Dockerfile.node
    image: my-laravel-node
    container_name: my-laravel-node
    ports:
      - "3000:3000"
    restart: unless-stopped
    working_dir: /var/www
    volumes:
      - ./:/var/www
      - /var/www/node_modules
    networks:
      - app-network

  db:
    platform: linux/x86_64
    image: mysql:8.0
    container_name: my-mysql
    restart: unless-stopped
    environment:
      MYSQL_DATABASE: ${DB_DATABASE}
      MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: ${DB_PASSWORD}
      MYSQL_PASSWORD: ${DB_PASSWORD}
      MYSQL_USER: ${DB_USERNAME}
    volumes:
      - dbdata:/var/lib/mysql
      - ./data.sql:/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/data-dump.sql  
    networks:
      - app-network
    ports:
      - "3306:3306"

networks:
  app-network:
    driver: bridge

volumes:
  dbdata:
    driver: local