Avoid constructing string just to match

Question

I just wrote this, which feels ugly in a low level language:

    match std::env::var("IN_DEPLOYMENT")
        .unwrap_or("false".to_string())
        .as_str()
    {
        "false" | "FALSE" | "0" => {
            tracing_subscriber::fmt().init();
        }
        _ => tracing_subscriber::fmt().json().init(),
    }

How do I avoid needing the temporary string? My first thought was to match directly on the result, but I couldn't work out how to tranform Result<String,_> into Result<&str, _>.

Answer 1

You should firstly convert Result<String, E> to Result<&str, &E>. This can be done with Result::as_deref method:

fn foo() {
    match std::env::var("IN_DEPLOYMENT").as_deref().unwrap_or("false") {
        "false" | "FALSE" | "0" => todo!(),
        _ => todo!(),
    }
}

On the other note if you would really need an owned String, prefer Result::unwrap_or_else over Result::unwrap_or (same argument goes for Option), because this will prevent allocation when there is data to unwrap. There is clippy lint that checks for it.