Error while installing scikit-learn with pip : Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml) did not run successfully

Question

I try to install scikit-learn==1.2.2 for the django project and I got this error.

 Collecting scikit-learn==1.2.2
  Using cached scikit-learn-1.2.2.tar.gz (7.3 MB)
  Installing build dependencies ... done
  Getting requirements to build wheel ... done
  Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml) ... error
  error: subprocess-exited-with-error

  × Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml) did not run successfully.
  │ exit code: 1
  ╰─> [36 lines of output]
      Partial import of sklearn during the build process.
      Traceback (most recent call last):
        File "D:\Group Project Backend\Prediction\env\Lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\pyproject_hooks\_in_process\_in_process.py", line 353, in <module>
          main()
        File "D:\Group Project Backend\Prediction\env\Lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\pyproject_hooks\_in_process\_in_process.py", line 335, in main
          json_out['return_val'] = hook(**hook_input['kwargs'])
                                   ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
        File "D:\Group Project Backend\Prediction\env\Lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\pyproject_hooks\_in_process\_in_process.py", line 149, in prepare_metadata_for_build_wheel
          return hook(metadata_directory, config_settings)
                 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
        File "C:\Users\ASUS\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-_ej3exwe\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\build_meta.py", line 366, in prepare_metadata_for_build_wheel
          self.run_setup()
        File "C:\Users\ASUS\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-_ej3exwe\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\build_meta.py", line 487, in run_setup
          super().run_setup(setup_script=setup_script)
        File "C:\Users\ASUS\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-_ej3exwe\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\build_meta.py", line 311, in run_setup
          exec(code, locals())
        File "<string>", line 669, in <module>
        File "<string>", line 663, in setup_package
        File "<string>", line 597, in configure_extension_modules
        File "C:\Users\ASUS\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-xv622fd3\scikit-learn_6df30b226b524d1caf236a6b94005795\sklearn\_build_utils\__init__.py", line 47, in cythonize_extensions
          basic_check_build()
        File "C:\Users\ASUS\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-xv622fd3\scikit-learn_6df30b226b524d1caf236a6b94005795\sklearn\_build_utils\pre_build_helpers.py", line 82, in basic_check_build
          compile_test_program(code)
        File "C:\Users\ASUS\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-xv622fd3\scikit-learn_6df30b226b524d1caf236a6b94005795\sklearn\_build_utils\pre_build_helpers.py", line 38, in compile_test_program
          ccompiler.compile(
        File "C:\Users\ASUS\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-_ej3exwe\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\_distutils\_msvccompiler.py", line 343, in compile
          self.initialize()
        File "C:\Users\ASUS\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-_ej3exwe\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\_distutils\_msvccompiler.py", line 253, in initialize
          vc_env = _get_vc_env(plat_spec)
                   ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
        File "C:\Users\ASUS\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-_ej3exwe\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\msvc.py", line 230, in msvc14_get_vc_env
          return _msvc14_get_vc_env(plat_spec)
                 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
        File "C:\Users\ASUS\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-_ej3exwe\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\msvc.py", line 187, in _msvc14_get_vc_env
          raise distutils.errors.DistutilsPlatformError("Unable to find vcvarsall.bat")
      distutils.errors.DistutilsPlatformError: Microsoft Visual C++ 14.0 or greater is required. Get it with "Microsoft C++ Build Tools": https://visualstudio.microsoft.com/visual-cpp-build-tools/
      [end of output]

  note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
error: metadata-generation-failed

× Encountered error while generating package metadata.
╰─> See above for output.

note: This is an issue with the package mentioned above, not pip.
hint: See above for details.

`

I am using pyhton 3.12.2 in my windows machine. I am building career prediction website using React and django.I use vscode as my IDE. I train a model using google collab and it is used version 1.2.2 of the scikit-learn. I can install other packages like Django,djangorestframework but can't install scikit-learn. I'm installing everything in virtual environment.

Answer 1

The reason for the issue you encountered is that building the scikit-learn package from source requires Microsoft Visual C++ 14.0 or higher. Installing the required build tools is the first step towards fixing this problem. Here's how to do it:

1. Install Microsoft C++ Build Tools : link

2. Update pip and setuptool.

   pip install --upgrade pip setuptools

3. Install scikit-learn

   pip install scikit-learn==1.2.2