Although there are only three cards in the "New items" column on my Azure DevOps board, I always get an empty column with a button "Show more items". Before, I had items here but they are all resolved and now the remaining cards are not shown automatically but I need to push the "Show more items" button every time.
I tried the filters but there are none. Neither do I see something specific in the work items that could prevent them from being shown immediately...
Screenshot DevOps Board empty column with show more button:
Based on your description, when you disable the filter, you will see all work items from your colleagues. This means that the New Column contains many work items.
The issue will exist when applying the Boards filter.
In this case, I can reproduce the same issue.
For example:
The issue should come from the Azure DevOps Boards itself. I suggest that you can report the issue to the site: Developer Community
Azure DevOps developers will further investigate and resolve issues with Azure DevOps itself.
Here is the similar ticket: In "Boards", always display all cards (i.e. never display "show more items" hyperlink) if filter has been applied
This issue has been solved before, but it seems to have reappeared recently.