I can use a maven remote repository with this config in maven settings.xml file for organization owned custom repository:
<repositories>
<repository>
<id>org.source.repo</id>
<url>https://172.18.100.10/maven2/</url>
</repository>
</repositories>
My question is this: Does Nexus act the same and just provides some more functionality (like proxy, etc) or they have completely different usage?
The name term remote repository
is a general name for a tool like Nexus (or Artifactory, https://github.com/artipie/artipie, https://reposilite.com/ or other tools like that see https://maven.apache.org/repository-management.html). Another remote repository is the central repository which is driven by Nexus as well ...technically a remote repository can even be a simple apache http/nginx or alike but those would lack some functionality...