typescript exports causing "error TS2451: Cannot redeclare block-scoped variable"

After a long gap, I am updating an old typescript project to the modern versions of node et al. After fixing a bunch of linter error, I am getting a strange error:

TSError: ⨯ Unable to compile TypeScript:
src/frames/frame.ts:28:7 - error TS2451: Cannot redeclare block-scoped variable 'frames_1'.

28 const frames_1 = require("../frames");
         ~~~~~~~~

  src/execute/eval-pipe.ts:4:7
    4 const frames_1 = require("../frames");
            ~~~~~~~~
    'frames_1' was also declared here.

This apparently due to the typescript compiler creating non-local variables from different import statements:

= frame.ts

export {}
import * as _ from 'lodash'
import { MetaFrame, NilContext } from '../frames'

= eval-pipe.ts

export {}
import { Context, Frame, NilContext } from '../frames'

How is this possible? I added export {} to each file to ensure everything is module-scoped. Do I need a different configuration?

= tsconfig.json

{
  "compilerOptions": {
    "declaration": false,
    "esModuleInterop": true,
    "lib": ["es6"],
    "module": "commonjs",
    "target": "ESNext",
    "moduleResolution": "node",
    "noImplicitAny": false,
    "outDir": "./lib",
    "preserveConstEnums": true,
    "removeComments": true,
    "skipLibCheck": true,
  },
  "include": [
    "src/**/*.ts"
  ],
  "exclude": [
    "test/**/*-spec.ts"
  ]
}

== UPDATE

If, as suggested, I remove "require": "ts-node/register" from mocha_opts, I instead get the error:

Error [ERR_REQUIRE_ESM]: require() of ES Module /Users/ernest/Developer/hclang/node_modules/chalk/source/index.js from /Users/ernest/Developer/hclang/src/execute/hc-eval.ts not supported.
Instead change the require of index.js in /Users/ernest/Developer/hclang/src/execute/hc-eval.ts to a dynamic import() which is available in all CommonJS modules.

Which makes me wonder if this line import chalk from 'chalk' is malformed or not being interpreted correctly.

Solution

So, this wasn't the "real" issue. I believe I solved this one by enabling type: module in package.json, but that created a bunch of other (more real) problems that took a long time to (mostly) fix.

FWIW, here's the final config files I ended up with that solved (those) problems. Oddly, there's a couple test files that still give weird .ts errors, but I can work around those for now.

package.json (partial)

  "type": "module",
  "directories": {
    "lib": "./lib",
    "src": "./src",
    "test": "./test"
  },
  "files": [
    "lib"
  ],

tsconfig.json

{
  "compilerOptions": {
    "allowSyntheticDefaultImports": true,
    "outDir": "./lib",
    "rootDir": "./src"
  },
  "include": ["src/**/*"],
  "exclude": ["node_modules"]
}

.mocharc.json

{
  "extension": ["ts"],
  "require": "ts-node/register"
}