I've seen lots of other questions similar to this (here, here and here), but they all have accepted answers that don't solve my problem. The best solution I have found to the problem is the StyledMarker library, which does let you define custom colours for markers, but I can't get it to use the default marker (the one you get when you do a google maps search - with a dot in the middle), it just seems to provide markers with a letter in, or with a special icon.
You can dynamically request icon images from the Google charts api with the urls:
http://chart.apis.google.com/chart?chst=d_map_pin_letter&chld=%E2%80%A2|FE7569
Which looks like this: the image is 21x34 pixels and the pin tip is at position (10, 34)
And you'll also want a separate shadow image (so that it doesn't overlap nearby icons):
http://chart.apis.google.com/chart?chst=d_map_pin_shadow
Which looks like this: the image is 40x37 pixels and the pin tip is at position (12, 35)
When you construct your MarkerImages you need to set the size and anchor points accordingly:
var pinColor = "FE7569";
var pinImage = new google.maps.MarkerImage("http://chart.apis.google.com/chart?chst=d_map_pin_letter&chld=%E2%80%A2|" + pinColor,
new google.maps.Size(21, 34),
new google.maps.Point(0,0),
new google.maps.Point(10, 34));
var pinShadow = new google.maps.MarkerImage("http://chart.apis.google.com/chart?chst=d_map_pin_shadow",
new google.maps.Size(40, 37),
new google.maps.Point(0, 0),
new google.maps.Point(12, 35));
You can then add the marker to your map with:
var marker = new google.maps.Marker({
position: new google.maps.LatLng(0,0),
map: map,
icon: pinImage,
shadow: pinShadow
});
Simply replace "FE7569" with the color code you're after. Eg:
Credit due to Jack B Nimble for the inspiration ;)