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What is the meaning of plus symbols to the left of UML roles?


What is the meaning of the plus symbols to the left of the roles examiner and examinee in figure 4.13(c) on p. 62 of the textbook UML@Classroom by Seidl, Scholz, Huemer & Kappel (Springer, 2015)? This figure is reproduced below.

Figure 4.13(c) from the textbook UML@Classroom


Solution

  • The + means public. Apparently, code outside the Person class is allowed to access a person's examinees and examiners directly.

    The + symbol is also used to indicate public class operations, for example. The other options are # for protected, ~ for package, and - for private.