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Oracle database 21c Express editon: startup ORA-01031: insufficient privileges

Oracle database 21c Express editon: startup ORA-01031: insufficient privileges

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SQL*Plus: Release 21.0.0.0.0 - Production on Wed Jan 11 14:07:51 2023
Version 21.3.0.0.0

Copyright (c) 1982, 2021, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Enter user-name: system
Enter password:
Last Successful login time: Wed Jan 11 2023 10:30:00 +07:00

Connected to:
Oracle Database 21c Express Edition Release 21.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 21.3.0.0.0

SQL> startup;
ORA-01031: insufficient privileges
ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters
SQL>

Why use user system but still not inssufficient privileges?

Solution

  • Connect using sys as sysdba, provide password, and then run startup.

    List of users who were granted the sysdba privilege is in v$pwfile_users:

    SQL> select * from v$pwfile_users;

USERNAME                       SYSDBA     SYSOPER    SYSASM
------------------------------ ---------- ---------- ----------
SYS                            TRUE       TRUE       FALSE

SQL>