Docker runs PostgreSQL in "trust" mode

I am currently learning docker and trying to run a docker container with the PostgreSQL database. I managed that once, and everything seemed to work fine. After some time, I tried to run another docker container with almost identical settings, however, it didn't go as expected. My problem is that now, whenever I try to run PostgreSQL container, initdb initializes the database in "trust" mode and accepts any connections without the password.

So far, I've tried running the command from the console:

docker run --name some-postgres -e POSTGRES_PASSWORD=mysecretpassword -p 32000:5432 -d postgres:14.5-alpine

As well as running the docker-compose.yaml:

services:
  db:
    container_name: Test_container
    image: postgres:14.5-alpine
    restart: unless-stopped
    ports:
      - "32000:5432"
    environment:
      POSTGRES_USER: postgres
      POSTGRES_PASSWORD: mysecretpassword

Additionally, I tried ordering tags differently, different images, and different values, cleaning docker: removing all containers, images, and volumes, and even reinstalling docker, however, whenever I inspect logs of a newly created container, I get:

sh: locale: not found
2022-08-16 09:35:50.709 UTC [30] WARNING:  no usable system locales were found
performing post-bootstrap initialization ... ok
initdb: warning: enabling "trust" authentication for local connections
You can change this by editing pg_hba.conf or using the option -A, or
--auth-local and --auth-host, the next time you run initdb.
syncing data to disk ... ok

One of my assumptions was that docker, for some reason, doesn't see the password I am specifying and thus starts the database in "trust" mode, however, if I add

environment:
      POSTGRES_USER: postgres
      POSTGRES_PASSWORD: postgres
      POSTGRES_DB: test_db

to the docker-compose.yaml, test_db database is being created.

I'd appreciate any suggestions on how to make docker run PostgreSQL containers not in a "trust" mode as it should by default if the password is specified.

Juan González pointed out:

Note 1: The PostgreSQL image sets up trust authentication locally so you may notice a password is not required when connecting from localhost (inside the same container). However, a password will be required if connecting from a different host/container.

So, according to the docs, I updated my docker-compose.yaml file:

environment:
      POSTGRES_USER: postgres
      POSTGRES_PASSWORD: postgres
      POSTGRES_DB: test_db
      POSTGRES_HOST_AUTH_METHOD: scram-sha-256
      POSTGRES_INITDB_ARGS: --auth-host=scram-sha-256

and once again tried swapping order and\or removing POSTGRES_INITDB_ARGS, but database still runs in "trust" mode.

Solution

As @jjanes pointed out in the comment to my question, the solution is to add POSTGRES_INITDB_ARGS: --auth=scram-sha-256 which would set both local and host types of connections.