ERROR: Could not build wheels for pandas, which is required to install pyproject.toml-based projects

I'm trying to install pandas via pip install pandas on my laptop.

Environment:

Window 11 Pro
Python 3.10.4
Pip version 22.0.4

Compatibility:

C:\Users\PC>pip install pandas
WARNING: Ignoring invalid distribution -ywin32 (c:\users\pc\appdata\local\programs\python\python310-32\lib\site-packages)
WARNING: Ignoring invalid distribution -ywin32 (c:\users\pc\appdata\local\programs\python\python310-32\lib\site-packages)
Collecting pandas
  Using cached pandas-1.4.2.tar.gz (4.9 MB)
  Installing build dependencies ... done
  Getting requirements to build wheel ... done
  Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml) ... done
Requirement already satisfied: numpy>=1.21.0 in c:\users\pc\appdata\local\programs\python\python310-32\lib\site-packages (from pandas) (1.22.4)
Requirement already satisfied: python-dateutil>=2.8.1 in c:\users\pc\appdata\local\programs\python\python310-32\lib\site-packages (from pandas) (2.8.2)
Collecting pytz>=2020.1
  Using cached pytz-2022.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (503 kB)
Requirement already satisfied: six>=1.5 in c:\users\pc\appdata\local\programs\python\python310-32\lib\site-packages (from python-dateutil>=2.8.1->pandas) (1.16.0)
Building wheels for collected packages: pandas
  Building wheel for pandas (pyproject.toml) ... error
  error: subprocess-exited-with-error

  × Building wheel for pandas (pyproject.toml) did not run successfully.
  │ exit code: 1
  ╰─> [2010 lines of output]
      C:\Users\PC\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-q3kdt5nb\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\config\setupcfg.py:459: SetuptoolsDeprecationWarning: The license_file parameter is deprecated, use license_files instead.
        warnings.warn(msg, warning_class)

...

  note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
  ERROR: Failed building wheel for pandas
Failed to build pandas
ERROR: Could not build wheels for pandas, which is required to install pyproject.toml-based projects

What I have tried:

updated pip to 22.1.1
installed wheel 0.37.1
uninstalled and installed pip
uninstalled and installed python 3.10.4

Error still reproducible with pandas 1.5.1

Thanks to @AKX which has pointed up that there is no and may will no 32-bit version of pandas in the future. See the discussion on GitHub.

Solution

Pandas doesn't require Anaconda to work, but based on python310-32 in your output, you're using a 32-bit build of Python.

Pandas evidently does not ship 32-bit wheels for Python 3.10 (they do have win32 wheels for Python 3.8 and Python 3.9 though). (There could be alternate sources for pre-built 32-bit wheels, such as Gohlke's site.)

In other words, on that platform you would need to install Pandas from source, which will likely be a rather difficult undertaking, and can't be done directly within pip anyway (as you noticed via error: metadata-generation-failed).

If your system is capable of running 64-bit Python, you should switch to it.