How to read yaml file into bash associative array?

I want to read into bash associative array the content of one yaml file, which is a simple key value mapping.

Example map.yaml

---

a: "2"
b: "3"
api_key: "somekey:thatcancontainany@chara$$ter"

the key can contain any characters excluding space the value can contain any characters without limitations $!:=@etc

What will always be constant is the separator between key and value is :

the script proceses.sh

#!/usr/bin/env bash

declare -A map
# how to read here into map variable, from map.yml file
#map=populatesomehowfrommap.yaml

for key in "${!map[@]}"
do
  echo "key  : $key"
  echo "value: ${map[$key]}"
done

I tried to play around with yq tool, similar to json tool jq but did not have success yet.

Solution

With the following limitations:

simple YAML key: "value" in single lines
keys cannot contain :
values are always wrapped in "

#!/usr/bin/env bash

declare -A map
regex='^([^:]+):[[:space:]]+"(.*)"[[:space:]]*$'

while IFS='' read -r line
do
    if [[ $line =~ $regex ]]
    then
        printf -v map["${BASH_REMATCH[1]}"] '%b' "${BASH_REMATCH[2]}"
    else
        echo "skipping: $line" 1>&2
    fi
done < map.yaml

Update

Here's a robust solution using yq, which would be simpler if the builtin @tsv filter implemented the lossless TSV escaping rules instead of the CSV ones.

#!/usr/bin/env bash

declare -A map

while IFS=$'\t' read key value
do
    printf -v map["$key"] '%b' "$value"
done < <(
    yq e '
        to_entries | .[] |
        [
            (.key   | sub("\\","\\") | sub("\n","\n") | sub("\r","\r") | sub("\t","\t")),
            (.value | sub("\\","\\") | sub("\n","\n") | sub("\r","\r") | sub("\t","\t"))
        ] |
        join("  ")
    ' map.yaml
)

^{note: the join needs a literal Tab}