Send query params from Jinja template

Question

I can't figure out if it's possible to pass query parameters from a static html page to a view for processing. I have now implemented the functionality I need using path parameters. I want to do the same, but with query parameters

main.py

from helpers.utils import CustomURLProcessor

app = FastAPI()

app.mount("/static", StaticFiles(directory="static"), name="static")
templates = Jinja2Templates(directory="templates")
templates.env.globals['CustomURLProcessor'] = CustomURLProcessor

events.py

router = APIRouter()
templates = Jinja2Templates(directory="templates")

@router.post('/invite/{event_invite}/sender/{sender}')
async def decline_event_invite(
        request: Request,
        event_invite: int,
        sender: int,
):
    #logic

routes.py

api_router.include_router(events.router, prefix="/event")

html

{{ url_for('decline_event_invite',  event_invite=invite.id, sender=invite.sender) }}

It's works with "POST /event/invite/15/sender/3 HTTP/1.1" as a sample

Try with query params

@router.post('/invite')
async def decline_event_invite(
        request: Request,
        event_invite: Optional[str] = None,
        sender: Optional[str] = None,
):
    # logic

And get

    raise NoMatchFound()
starlette.routing.NoMatchFound

html template without any change

Can I pass query parameters from the template to the fastapi logic to processing this url /event/?event_invite=15&sender=3?

Answer 1

This is Starlette's issue (i.e., url_for() receives path parameters, not query parameters). What you could do is to create a custom URL processor (as shown below) and use it to pass path and/or query parameters as well.

import urllib

class CustomURLProcessor:
    def __init__(self):  
        self.path = "" 
        self.request = None

    def url_for(self, request: Request, name: str, **params: str):
        self.path = request.url_for(name, **params)
        self.request = request
        return self
    
    def include_query_params(self, **params: str):
        parsed = list(urllib.parse.urlparse(self.path))
        parsed[4] = urllib.parse.urlencode(params)
        return urllib.parse.urlunparse(parsed)

Remember to add the CustomURLProcessor class to the templates' global environment:

templates.env.globals['CustomURLProcessor'] = CustomURLProcessor

Then, use in Jinja template, as below:

{{ CustomURLProcessor().url_for(request, 'decline_event_invite').include_query_params(event_invite=invite.id, sender=invite.sender) }}

Please have a look at this answer for a complete working example. Also, this feature might be introduced into the next version of Starlette #1385. Thus, you may want to keep an eye on it.

More options on how to make a class accessible from Jinja templates

Alternative options to make CustomURLProcessor class accessible from Jinja templates, in case templates.env.globals['CustomURLProcessor'] = CustomURLProcessor didn't work for you, throwing the following error: jinja2.exceptions.UndefinedError: 'CustomURLProcessor' is undefined.

Option 1

templates.env.globals.update(CustomURLProcessor=CustomURLProcessor)

Option 2

import helpers.utils
templates.env.globals['CustomURLProcessor'] = helpers.utils.CustomURLProcessor
# or, equivalently 
templates.env.globals.update(CustomURLProcessor=helpers.utils.CustomURLProcessor)

You could even add the whole module, and use in Jinja template like this helpers.CustomURLProcessor().url_for(request....

import helpers.utils
templates.env.globals['helpers'] = helpers.utils

Option 3

The last option would be to pass it as part of your TemplateResponse.

return templates.TemplateResponse("index.html",  {"request": request, "CustomURLProcessor": CustomURLProcessor})

If none of the above worked, perhaps other options described here might help, or the problem likely lies elsewhere.

Update 1 - About including query params

Regarding sending query parameters from a Jinja template, you can now use Starlette's starlette.datastructures.URL, which provides an include_query_params method.

To use, import the URL class and make it accessible from Jinja2 templates:

from starlette.datastructures import URL

templates = Jinja2Templates(directory="templates")
templates.env.globals['URL'] = URL

Then, use in Jinja template as shown below:

{{ URL(url_for('decline_event_invite')).include_query_params(event_invite=invite.id, sender=invite.sender) }}

Update 2 - About including query params

The request.url_for() function now returns a starlette.datastructures.URL object. Hence, you could simply use the below, without needing to import the URL class in Jinja2 templates:

{{ url_for('decline_event_invite').include_query_params(event_invite=invite.id, sender=invite.sender) }}