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shellseduppercase

Use SED to convert specific column lower to upper case

I must to convert the 4 column to upper case with only one sed command.

user,gender,age,native_lang,other_lang
0,M,19,finnish,english swedish german 
1,M,30,urdu,english 
2,F,26,finnish,english swedish german
3,M,20,finnish,english french swedish 
4,F,20,finnish,english swedish

This it's my best movement but change all columns.

sed -e 's/\(.*\)/\U\1/'

I really want understand the command, but I really lose myself why use" \ " or how to read it.

Solution

  • You can use

    sed 's/^\(\([^,]*,\)\{3\}\)\([^,]*\)/\1\U\3/' # POSIX BRE
sed -E 's/^(([^,]*,){3})([^,]*)/\1\U\3/'      # POSIX ERE

    See an online demo:

    s='user,gender,age,native_lang,other_lang
0,M,19,finnish,english swedish german 
1,M,30,urdu,english 
2,F,26,finnish,english swedish german
3,M,20,finnish,english french swedish 
4,F,20,finnish,english swedish '
sed 's/^\(\([^,]*,\)\{3\}\)\([^,]*\)/\1\U\3/' <<< "$s"

    Output:

    user,gender,age,NATIVE_LANG,other_lang
0,M,19,FINNISH,english swedish german 
1,M,30,URDU,english 
2,F,26,FINNISH,english swedish german
3,M,20,FINNISH,english french swedish 
4,F,20,FINNISH,english swedish

    Details:

    • ^ - start of string
    • (([^,]*,){3}) - Group 1: three repetitions of any zero or more chars other than a comma and then a comma
    • ([^,]*) - Group 3: zero or more chars other than a comma.