How to create context-sensitive hotkeys when no window is active?

Question

I want to create some hotkeys when no window is active:

But there's no statement like #IfNoWinActive, how to achieve this?

Answer 1

There is always an active window (the one that will get input).

E.g. the Win+X Menu has no title but a hidden ahk_class (LauncherTipWnd). To detect it you have to add DetectHiddenWindows, On in your script:

#NoEnv
#SingleInstance Force
DetectHiddenWindows, On

#IfWinActive ahk_class LauncherTipWnd ; Win+X Menu

    F1:: Run notepad
    F2:: Send m ; starts the Device Manager
    
#IfWinActive

EDIT:

To get the title and ahk_class of the (hidden) active window, run this script and press F1 as soon as that window is active:

#NoEnv
#SingleInstance Force

DetectHiddenWindows, On

F1::
    WinGetTitle, ActiveTitle, A
    WinGetClass, ActiveClass, A
    MsgBox, ActiveTitle: %ActiveTitle%`nActiveClass: ahk_class %ActiveClass%
return

F2::
    WinSetTitle, A, , NewTitle
    WinGetTitle, ActiveTitle, A
    MsgBox, ActiveTitle: %ActiveTitle%
return

F3::
    WinGet, ActiveExe, ProcessName, A
    MsgBox, ProcessName: "%ActiveExe%"
return

Press Ctrl+C to copy the content of the MsgBox.

EDIT2:

In case the active window has no title and no ahk_class you can try this:

F1:: 
    WinGetTitle, ActiveTitle, A
    WinGetClass, ActiveClass, A
    If (ActiveTitle = "" && ActiveClass = "")
        Run notepad
    ; else If WinActive("WinTitle ahk_class WinClass", "WinText", "ExcludeTitlePart")
        ; do this
    else
        Send {F1}
Return