What is the difference between `poetry run black myscript.py` and `black myscript.py`?

Question

Based on the poetry docs:

Likewise if you have command line tools such as pytest or black you can run them using poetry run pytest

The suggested way to use black is:

poetry run black myscript.py

However, I do not notice any difference in behaviour if I just use

black myscript.py

What is the difference between these two methods?

Answer 1

It allows you to run black (or whichever command comes after run) installed in your virtual environment without needing to activate your virtual environment first.

The relevant note is in the poetry run docs (emphasis mine):

The run command executes the given command inside the project’s virtualenv.

Let's say you have this poetry-demo project with a main.py, and you installed black:

poetry-demo$ ls
README.rst     main.py        poetry.lock    poetry_demo    pyproject.toml tests

poetry-demo$ poetry add black
The following packages are already present in the pyproject.toml and will be skipped:

  • black

...

If you don't activate your virtual environment first (i.e. poetry shell) and if you have no black installed anywhere else on your system, simply doing black file.py would fail:

poetry-demo$ which black

poetry-demo$ black main.py
-bash: black: command not found

But, with poetry run, even without activating your virtual environment, you can run black:

poetry-demo$ poetry run black main.py
All done! ✨ 🍰 ✨
1 file left unchanged.

The source of your confusion is probably because you already have your virtual environment activated, so then there really is no difference:

poetry-demo$ poetry shell
Spawning shell within /path/to/virtualenvs/poetry-demo-hCA44HQ0-py3.8
poetry-demo$ . /path/to/virtualenvs/poetry-demo-hCA44HQ0-py3.8/bin/activate

(poetry-demo-hCA44HQ0-py3.8) poetry-demo$ black main.py
All done! ✨ 🍰 ✨
1 file left unchanged.

(poetry-demo-hCA44HQ0-py3.8) poetry-demo$ poetry run black main.py
All done! ✨ 🍰 ✨
1 file left unchanged.