"Cleartext HTTP traffic to www.android.com not permitted" when trying httpurlconnection in Android Studio

Question

I am getting the error in the title line. I have tried to overcome it by trying the suggestions I have found at stack overflow including adding to AndroidManifest.xml this:

android:networkSecurityConfig="@xml/network_security_config"

and then creating res/xml/network_security_config.xml containing this:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<network-security-config>
<domain-config cleartextTrafficPermitted="true">
    <domain includeSubdomains="true">www.android.com</domain>
</domain-config>
</network-security-config>

For reference the calling code in the Activity is as follows:

try {
       url = new URL("http://www.android.com/");
    } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    HttpURLConnection urlConnection = null;
    try {
        urlConnection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
   

but no luck so far. My goal is to make a simple connection here as a test. How to fix this? TIA.

Answer 1

Add this to you app

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest ...>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
        <application
            ...
            android:usesCleartextTraffic="true" // this line.
            ...>
            ...
        </application>
 </manifest>