pythonpython-3.xopenglpygamepyopengl
How do I add an image as texture of my 3D cube in pyopengl
How do I add an image as texture in my cube: I want to add my self-provided image as the surfaces of my cube while still having some lighting
I am using Visual Studio Code as my compiler
here is the code I copied:
import pygame
from pygame.locals import *
from OpenGL.GL import *
from OpenGL.GLU import *
verticies = (
( 1, -1, -1), # 0
( 1, 1, -1), # 1
(-1, 1, -1), # 2
(-1, -1, -1), # 3
( 1, -1, 1), # 4
( 1, 1, 1), # 5
(-1, -1, 1), # 6
(-1, 1, 1), # 7
)
surfaces = (
(0,1,2,3),
(3,2,7,6),
(6,7,5,4),
(4,5,1,0),
(1,5,7,2),
(4,0,3,6),
)
normals = [
( 0, 0, -1), # surface 0
(-1, 0, 0), # surface 1
( 0, 0, 1), # surface 2
( 1, 0, 0), # surface 3
( 0, 1, 0), # surface 4
( 0, -1, 0) # surface 5
]
colors = (
(1,1,1),
(0,1,0),
(0,0,1),
(0,1,0),
(0,0,1),
(1,0,1),
(0,1,0),
(1,0,1),
(0,1,0),
(0,0,1),
)
edges = (
(0,1),
(0,3),
(0,4),
(2,1),
(2,3),
(2,7),
(6,3),
(6,4),
(6,7),
(5,1),
(5,4),
(5,7),
)
def Cube():
glBegin(GL_QUADS)
for i_surface, surface in enumerate(surfaces):
x = 0
glNormal3fv(normals[i_surface])
for vertex in surface:
x+=1
glColor3fv(colors[x])
glVertex3fv(verticies[vertex])
glEnd()
glColor3fv(colors[0])
glBegin(GL_LINES)
for edge in edges:
for vertex in edge:
glVertex3fv(verticies[vertex])
glEnd()
def main():
global surfaces
pygame.init()
display = (800, 600)
pygame.display.set_mode(display, DOUBLEBUF|OPENGL)
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION)
gluPerspective(45, (display[0]/display[1]), 0.1, 50.0)
glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW)
glTranslatef(0, 0, -5)
#glLight(GL_LIGHT0, GL_POSITION, (0, 0, 1, 0)) # directional light from the front
glLight(GL_LIGHT0, GL_POSITION, (5, 5, 5, 1)) # point light from the left, top, front
glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_AMBIENT, (0, 0, 0, 1))
glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_DIFFUSE, (1, 1, 1, 1))
glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST)
while True:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
pygame.quit()
quit()
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT|GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT)
glEnable(GL_LIGHTING)
glEnable(GL_LIGHT0)
glEnable(GL_COLOR_MATERIAL)
glColorMaterial(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_AMBIENT_AND_DIFFUSE )
glRotatef(1, 3, 1, 1)
Cube()
glDisable(GL_LIGHT0)
glDisable(GL_LIGHTING)
glDisable(GL_COLOR_MATERIAL)
pygame.display.flip()
clock.tick(60)
main()
The program displays a rotating cube with just colors as its surface how can I change the surface?
Solution
Define the array of texture coordinates:
textureCoordinates = ((0, 0), (0, 1), (1, 1), (1, 0))
Set a white color, but specify the texture coordinates when you draw the cube:
def Cube():
glColor3f(1, 1, 1)
glBegin(GL_QUADS)
for i_surface, surface in enumerate(surfaces):
x = 0
glNormal3fv(normals[i_surface])
for i_vertex, vertex in enumerate(surface):
x+=1
#
glTexCoord2fv(textureCoordinates[i_vertex])
glVertex3fv(verticies[vertex])
glEnd()
Load an image with pygame.image.load(), create the texture object and enable 2 dimensional texturing before the application loop:
def main():
# [...]
image = pygame.image.load('image.png')
datas = pygame.image.tostring(image, 'RGBA')
texID = glGenTextures(1)
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texID)
glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGBA, image.get_width(), image.get_height(), 0, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, datas)
glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR)
glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR)
glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_2D)
while True:
# [...]
Complete example:
import pygame
from pygame.locals import *
from OpenGL.GL import *
from OpenGL.GLU import *
verticies = (
( 1, -1, -1), # 0
( 1, 1, -1), # 1
(-1, 1, -1), # 2
(-1, -1, -1), # 3
( 1, -1, 1), # 4
( 1, 1, 1), # 5
(-1, -1, 1), # 6
(-1, 1, 1), # 7
)
textureCoordinates = ((0, 0), (0, 1), (1, 1), (1, 0))
surfaces = (
(0,1,2,3),
(3,2,7,6),
(6,7,5,4),
(4,5,1,0),
(1,5,7,2),
(4,0,3,6),
)
normals = [
( 0, 0, -1), # surface 0
(-1, 0, 0), # surface 1
( 0, 0, 1), # surface 2
( 1, 0, 0), # surface 3
( 0, 1, 0), # surface 4
( 0, -1, 0) # surface 5
]
colors = (
(1,1,1),
(0,1,0),
(0,0,1),
(0,1,0),
(0,0,1),
(1,0,1),
(0,1,0),
(1,0,1),
(0,1,0),
(0,0,1),
)
edges = (
(0,1),
(0,3),
(0,4),
(2,1),
(2,3),
(2,7),
(6,3),
(6,4),
(6,7),
(5,1),
(5,4),
(5,7),
)
def Cube():
glColor3f(1, 1, 1)
glBegin(GL_QUADS)
for i_surface, surface in enumerate(surfaces):
x = 0
glNormal3fv(normals[i_surface])
for i_vertex, vertex in enumerate(surface):
x+=1
#
glTexCoord2fv(textureCoordinates[i_vertex])
glVertex3fv(verticies[vertex])
glEnd()
glColor3fv(colors[0])
glBegin(GL_LINES)
for edge in edges:
for vertex in edge:
glVertex3fv(verticies[vertex])
glEnd()
def main():
global surfaces
pygame.init()
display = (400, 300)
pygame.display.set_mode(display, DOUBLEBUF|OPENGL)
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION)
gluPerspective(45, (display[0]/display[1]), 0.1, 50.0)
glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW)
glTranslatef(0, 0, -5)
#glLight(GL_LIGHT0, GL_POSITION, (0, 0, 1, 0)) # directional light from the front
glLight(GL_LIGHT0, GL_POSITION, (5, 5, 5, 1)) # point light from the left, top, front
glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_AMBIENT, (0, 0, 0, 1))
glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_DIFFUSE, (1, 1, 1, 1))
glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST)
image = pygame.image.load('image.png')
datas = pygame.image.tostring(image, 'RGBA')
texID = glGenTextures(1)
glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texID)
glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGBA, image.get_width(), image.get_height(), 0, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, datas)
glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR)
glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR)
glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_2D)
while True:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
pygame.quit()
quit()
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT|GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT)
glEnable(GL_LIGHTING)
glEnable(GL_LIGHT0)
glEnable(GL_COLOR_MATERIAL)
glColorMaterial(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_AMBIENT_AND_DIFFUSE )
glRotatef(1, 3, 1, 1)
Cube()
glDisable(GL_LIGHT0)
glDisable(GL_LIGHTING)
glDisable(GL_COLOR_MATERIAL)
pygame.display.flip()
clock.tick(60)
main()