Typographically, italic type is used, among other uses, to mark up foreign language text:
The Roman soldier pointed his pilum at me.
In the HTML/XHTML/XML code of an EPUB, should the <i>-Tag contain a language attribute? Here is a simplified example:
<html xml:lang="en">
...
<p>The Roman soldier pointed
his <i xml:lang="la">pilum</i>
at me.</p>
From a link in the Sigil forums I actually found an explicit recommendation by the IDPF to mark up foreign passages in that way. The example they give contains the following code, where a French passage is marked up in containing English text:
<i xml:lang="fr" lang="fr">C'est vendredi saint!</i>