pythonopenglpyqttexturesopengl-compat
How to texture a sphere in PyQt5 QOpenGLWidget
I'm trying to display a map of the world in a program I've made using PyQt5. For the rendering stuff so far this is the (mostly borrowed) code I have:
import sys
import math
import numpy as np
from PIL import Image, ImageQt
from PyQt5.QtCore import pyqtSignal, QPoint, QSize, Qt
from PyQt5.QtGui import QColor, QOpenGLVersionProfile
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QApplication, QHBoxLayout, QOpenGLWidget, QWidget)
class Window(QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super(Window, self).__init__()
self.glWidget = GLWidget()
mainLayout = QHBoxLayout()
mainLayout.addWidget(self.glWidget)
self.setLayout(mainLayout)
self.img = Image.open("BWTopo.png")
self.mapWidth, self.mapHeight = self.img.size
pgImData = np.asarray(self.img)
self.inputMapFile = np.flipud(pgImData)
self.setWindowTitle("SPHERE")
class GLWidget(QOpenGLWidget):
def __init__(self, parent=None):
super(GLWidget, self).__init__(parent)
self.object = 0
self.xRot = 0
self.yRot = 0
self.zRot = 0
self.lastPos = QPoint()
self.main = QColor.fromCmykF(0.40, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0)
self.clear = QColor.fromCmykF(0.39, 0.39, 0.0, 0.0)
def sizeHint(self):
return QSize(400, 400)
def setXRotation(self, angle):
angle = self.normalizeAngle(angle)
if angle != self.xRot:
self.xRot = angle
self.update()
def setYRotation(self, angle):
angle = self.normalizeAngle(angle)
if angle != self.yRot:
self.yRot = angle
self.update()
def setZRotation(self, angle):
angle = self.normalizeAngle(angle)
if angle != self.zRot:
self.zRot = angle
self.update()
def initializeGL(self):
version_profile = QOpenGLVersionProfile()
version_profile.setVersion(2, 0)
self.gl = self.context().versionFunctions(version_profile)
self.gl.initializeOpenGLFunctions()
self.setClearColor(self.clear.darker())
self.object = self.makeObject()
self.gl.glShadeModel(self.gl.GL_FLAT)
self.gl.glEnable(self.gl.GL_DEPTH_TEST)
self.gl.glEnable(self.gl.GL_CULL_FACE)
self.gl.glEnable(self.gl.GL_LIGHTING)
self.gl.glLightModelfv(self.gl.GL_LIGHT_MODEL_AMBIENT, [0.9, 0.9, 0.9, 1.0])
self.gl.glEnable(self.gl.GL_COLOR_MATERIAL)
self.gl.glColorMaterial(self.gl.GL_FRONT, self.gl.GL_AMBIENT_AND_DIFFUSE)
def paintGL(self):
self.gl.glClear(self.gl.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | self.gl.GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT)
self.gl.glLoadIdentity()
self.gl.glTranslated(0.0, 0.0, -10.0)
self.gl.glRotated(self.xRot / 16.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0)
self.gl.glRotated(self.yRot / 16.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0)
self.gl.glRotated(self.zRot / 16.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0)
self.gl.glCallList(self.object)
def resizeGL(self, width, height):
side = min(width, height)
if side < 0:
return
self.gl.glViewport((width - side) // 2, (height - side) // 2, side,
side)
self.gl.glMatrixMode(self.gl.GL_PROJECTION)
self.gl.glLoadIdentity()
self.gl.glOrtho(-0.5, +0.5, +0.5, -0.5, 4.0, 15.0)
self.gl.glMatrixMode(self.gl.GL_MODELVIEW)
def mousePressEvent(self, event):
self.lastPos = event.pos()
def mouseMoveEvent(self, event):
dx = event.x() - self.lastPos.x()
dy = event.y() - self.lastPos.y()
if event.buttons() & Qt.LeftButton:
self.setXRotation(self.xRot + 8 * dy)
self.setYRotation(self.yRot + 8 * dx)
elif event.buttons() & Qt.RightButton:
self.setXRotation(self.xRot + 8 * dy)
self.setZRotation(self.zRot + 8 * dx)
self.lastPos = event.pos()
def makeObject(self):
genList = self.gl.glGenLists(1)
self.gl.glNewList(genList, self.gl.GL_COMPILE)
self.gl.glBegin(self.gl.GL_TRIANGLES)
UResolution = 18
VResolution = 36
r = 0.3
startU = 0
startV = 0
endU = math.pi * 2
endV = math.pi
stepU = (endU-startU)/UResolution # step size between U-points on the grid
stepV = (endV-startV)/VResolution # step size between V-points on the grid
for i in range(UResolution): # U-points
for j in range(VResolution): # V-points
u = i*stepU+startU
v = j*stepV+startV
un = endU if (i+1==UResolution) else (i+1)*stepU+startU
vn = endV if (j+1==VResolution) else (j+1)*stepV+startV
p0 = [ math.cos(u)*math.sin(v)*r, math.cos(v)*r, math.sin(u)*math.sin(v)*r ]
p1 = [ math.cos(u)*math.sin(vn)*r, math.cos(vn)*r, math.sin(u)*math.sin(vn)*r ]
p2 = [ math.cos(un)*math.sin(v)*r, math.cos(v)*r, math.sin(un)*math.sin(v)*r ]
p3 = [ math.cos(un)*math.sin(vn)*r, math.cos(vn)*r, math.sin(un)*math.sin(vn)*r ]
# Output the first triangle of this grid square
self.gl.glVertex3f(p0[0],p0[1],p0[2])
self.gl.glVertex3f(p2[0],p2[1],p2[2])
self.gl.glVertex3f(p1[0],p1[1],p1[2])
# Output the other triangle of this grid square
self.gl.glVertex3f(p3[0],p3[1],p3[2])
self.gl.glVertex3f(p1[0],p1[1],p1[2])
self.gl.glVertex3f(p2[0],p2[1],p2[2])
self.gl.glEnd()
self.gl.glEndList()
return genList
def normalizeAngle(self, angle):
while angle < 0:
angle += 360 * 16
while angle > 360 * 16:
angle -= 360 * 16
return angle
def setClearColor(self, c):
self.gl.glClearColor(c.redF(), c.greenF(), c.blueF(), c.alphaF())
def setColor(self, c):
self.gl.glColor4f(c.redF(), c.greenF(), c.blueF(), c.alphaF())
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
window = Window()
window.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
It creates an unshaded sphere in a window. I want to apply the image loaded in from "BWTopo" as an equirectangular projected map onto the sphere. How would I go about doing that?
Solution
You have to create a texture object:
self.gl.glActiveTexture(self.gl.GL_TEXTURE0)
self.text_obj = self.gl.glGenTextures(1)
self.gl.glBindTexture(self.gl.GL_TEXTURE_2D, self.text_obj)
self.gl.glPixelStorei(self.gl.GL_UNPACK_ALIGNMENT, 1)
self.gl.glTexImage2D(self.gl.GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, self.gl.GL_RGB, self.mapWidth, self.mapHeight, 0, self.gl.GL_RGB, self.gl.GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, self.inputMapFile.tobytes())
self.gl.glPixelStorei(self.gl.GL_UNPACK_ALIGNMENT, 4)
self.gl.glTexParameterf(self.gl.GL_TEXTURE_2D, self.gl.GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, self.gl.GL_LINEAR)
self.gl.glTexParameterf(self.gl.GL_TEXTURE_2D, self.gl.GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, self.gl.GL_LINEAR)
You need to create the texture coordinates in range [0, 1]:
t0 = [i/UResolution, 1-j/VResolution]
t1 = [i/UResolution, 1-(j+1)/VResolution]
t2 = [(i+1)/UResolution, 1-j/VResolution]
t3 = [(i+1)/UResolution, 1-(j+1)/VResolution]
# Output the first triangle of this grid square
self.gl.glTexCoord2f(*t0)
self.gl.glVertex3f(*p0)
self.gl.glTexCoord2f(*t2)
self.gl.glVertex3f(*p2)
self.gl.glTexCoord2f(*t1)
self.gl.glVertex3f(*p1)
# Output the other triangle of this grid square
self.gl.glTexCoord2f(*t3)
self.gl.glVertex3f(*p3)
self.gl.glTexCoord2f(*t1)
self.gl.glVertex3f(*p1)
self.gl.glTexCoord2f(*t2)
self.gl.glVertex3f(*p2)
Two-dimensional texturing has to be enabled, see glEnable and the texture object needs to be bound before drawing the mesh:
self.gl.glEnable(self.gl.GL_TEXTURE_2D)
self.gl.glBindTexture(self.gl.GL_TEXTURE_2D, self.text_obj)
self.gl.glColor3f(1, 1, 1)
self.gl.glCallList(self.object)
Complete example:
import sys
import math
import numpy as np
from PIL import Image, ImageQt
from PyQt5.QtCore import pyqtSignal, QPoint, QSize, Qt
from PyQt5.QtGui import QColor, QOpenGLVersionProfile
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QApplication, QHBoxLayout, QOpenGLWidget, QWidget)
class Window(QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super(Window, self).__init__()
self.glWidget = GLWidget()
mainLayout = QHBoxLayout()
mainLayout.addWidget(self.glWidget)
self.setLayout(mainLayout)
self.setWindowTitle("SPHERE")
class GLWidget(QOpenGLWidget):
def __init__(self, parent=None):
super(GLWidget, self).__init__(parent)
self.object = 0
self.xRot = 0
self.yRot = 0
self.zRot = 0
self.lastPos = QPoint()
self.main = QColor.fromCmykF(0.40, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0)
self.clear = QColor.fromCmykF(0.39, 0.39, 0.0, 0.0)
self.img = Image.open("BWTopo.png")
#self.img = Image.open("worldmap1.bmp")
self.mapWidth, self.mapHeight = self.img.size
pgImData = np.asarray(self.img)
self.inputMapFile = np.flipud(pgImData)
def sizeHint(self):
return QSize(400, 400)
def setXRotation(self, angle):
angle = self.normalizeAngle(angle)
if angle != self.xRot:
self.xRot = angle
self.update()
def setYRotation(self, angle):
angle = self.normalizeAngle(angle)
if angle != self.yRot:
self.yRot = angle
self.update()
def setZRotation(self, angle):
angle = self.normalizeAngle(angle)
if angle != self.zRot:
self.zRot = angle
self.update()
def initializeGL(self):
version_profile = QOpenGLVersionProfile()
version_profile.setVersion(2, 0)
self.gl = self.context().versionFunctions(version_profile)
self.gl.initializeOpenGLFunctions()
self.setClearColor(self.clear.darker())
self.object = self.makeObject()
self.gl.glShadeModel(self.gl.GL_SMOOTH)
self.gl.glEnable(self.gl.GL_DEPTH_TEST)
self.gl.glEnable(self.gl.GL_CULL_FACE)
self.gl.glEnable(self.gl.GL_LIGHTING)
self.gl.glLightModelfv(self.gl.GL_LIGHT_MODEL_AMBIENT, [0.9, 0.9, 0.9, 1.0])
self.gl.glEnable(self.gl.GL_COLOR_MATERIAL)
self.gl.glColorMaterial(self.gl.GL_FRONT, self.gl.GL_AMBIENT_AND_DIFFUSE)
self.gl.glActiveTexture(self.gl.GL_TEXTURE0)
self.text_obj = self.gl.glGenTextures(1)
self.gl.glBindTexture(self.gl.GL_TEXTURE_2D, self.text_obj)
self.gl.glPixelStorei(self.gl.GL_UNPACK_ALIGNMENT, 1)
self.gl.glTexImage2D(self.gl.GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, self.gl.GL_RGB, self.mapWidth, self.mapHeight, 0, self.gl.GL_RGB, self.gl.GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, self.inputMapFile.tobytes())
self.gl.glPixelStorei(self.gl.GL_UNPACK_ALIGNMENT, 4)
self.gl.glTexParameterf(self.gl.GL_TEXTURE_2D, self.gl.GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, self.gl.GL_LINEAR)
self.gl.glTexParameterf(self.gl.GL_TEXTURE_2D, self.gl.GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, self.gl.GL_LINEAR)
def paintGL(self):
self.gl.glClear(self.gl.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | self.gl.GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT)
self.gl.glLoadIdentity()
self.gl.glTranslated(0.0, 0.0, -10.0)
self.gl.glRotated(self.xRot / 16.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0)
self.gl.glRotated(self.yRot / 16.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0)
self.gl.glRotated(self.zRot / 16.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0)
self.gl.glEnable(self.gl.GL_TEXTURE_2D)
self.gl.glBindTexture(self.gl.GL_TEXTURE_2D, self.text_obj)
self.gl.glColor3f(1, 1, 1)
self.gl.glCallList(self.object)
def resizeGL(self, width, height):
side = min(width, height)
if side < 0:
return
self.gl.glViewport((width - side) // 2, (height - side) // 2, side,
side)
self.gl.glMatrixMode(self.gl.GL_PROJECTION)
self.gl.glLoadIdentity()
self.gl.glOrtho(-0.5, +0.5, +0.5, -0.5, 4.0, 15.0)
self.gl.glMatrixMode(self.gl.GL_MODELVIEW)
def mousePressEvent(self, event):
self.lastPos = event.pos()
def mouseMoveEvent(self, event):
dx = event.x() - self.lastPos.x()
dy = event.y() - self.lastPos.y()
if event.buttons() & Qt.LeftButton:
self.setXRotation(self.xRot + 8 * dy)
self.setYRotation(self.yRot + 8 * dx)
elif event.buttons() & Qt.RightButton:
self.setXRotation(self.xRot + 8 * dy)
self.setZRotation(self.zRot + 8 * dx)
self.lastPos = event.pos()
def makeObject(self):
genList = self.gl.glGenLists(1)
self.gl.glNewList(genList, self.gl.GL_COMPILE)
self.gl.glBegin(self.gl.GL_TRIANGLES)
UResolution = 18
VResolution = 36
r = 0.3
startU = 0
startV = 0
endU = math.pi * 2
endV = math.pi
stepU = (endU-startU)/UResolution # step size between U-points on the grid
stepV = (endV-startV)/VResolution # step size between V-points on the grid
for i in range(UResolution): # U-points
for j in range(VResolution): # V-points
u = i*stepU+startU
v = j*stepV+startV
un = endU if (i+1==UResolution) else (i+1)*stepU+startU
vn = endV if (j+1==VResolution) else (j+1)*stepV+startV
p0 = [ math.cos(u)*math.sin(v)*r, math.cos(v)*r, math.sin(u)*math.sin(v)*r ]
p1 = [ math.cos(u)*math.sin(vn)*r, math.cos(vn)*r, math.sin(u)*math.sin(vn)*r ]
p2 = [ math.cos(un)*math.sin(v)*r, math.cos(v)*r, math.sin(un)*math.sin(v)*r ]
p3 = [ math.cos(un)*math.sin(vn)*r, math.cos(vn)*r, math.sin(un)*math.sin(vn)*r ]
t0 = [i/UResolution, 1-j/VResolution]
t1 = [i/UResolution, 1-(j+1)/VResolution]
t2 = [(i+1)/UResolution, 1-j/VResolution]
t3 = [(i+1)/UResolution, 1-(j+1)/VResolution]
# Output the first triangle of this grid square
self.gl.glTexCoord2f(*t0)
self.gl.glVertex3f(*p0)
self.gl.glTexCoord2f(*t2)
self.gl.glVertex3f(*p2)
self.gl.glTexCoord2f(*t1)
self.gl.glVertex3f(*p1)
# Output the other triangle of this grid square
self.gl.glTexCoord2f(*t3)
self.gl.glVertex3f(*p3)
self.gl.glTexCoord2f(*t1)
self.gl.glVertex3f(*p1)
self.gl.glTexCoord2f(*t2)
self.gl.glVertex3f(*p2)
self.gl.glEnd()
self.gl.glEndList()
return genList
def normalizeAngle(self, angle):
while angle < 0:
angle += 360 * 16
while angle > 360 * 16:
angle -= 360 * 16
return angle
def setClearColor(self, c):
self.gl.glClearColor(c.redF(), c.greenF(), c.blueF(), c.alphaF())
def setColor(self, c):
self.gl.glColor4f(c.redF(), c.greenF(), c.blueF(), c.alphaF())
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
window = Window()
window.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
- Accessing Python 3 type annotations for variables at runtime
- Identify and mark duplicates where any of them has a specific quality
- numpy.dtype size changed, may indicate binary incompatibility. Expected 96 from C header, got 88 from PyObject
- Can't install new packages for Python (Python 3.9.0, Windows 10)
- How can I set all form fields readonly in Odoo 16 depending on a field?
- Django - CreateView - Send a custom Error Message if model form is not valid
- How to rotate only Table, using borb (PDF library) python?
- Python unittest: how to run only part of a test file?
- add nested attributes to python
- How to Enumerate Threads using CreateToolhelp32Snapshot and Python ctypes?
- NotImplementedError YOLO ultralitycs
- Tuple matching using SQLAlchemy
- is there parallelism inside Ollama?
- Problem when adding dependencies to pyinstaller using poetry to manage dependencies
- The difference between <str:slug> and <slug:slug> in urls.py of Django application
- Visual Studio Code does not detect Virtual Environments
- Error print special character on results with Flask-SQLAlchemy
- Printing a list from a random sample using join()
- How to load a huggingface dataset from local path?
- Modify output from Python Pandas describe
- python Shift + enter not working in VScode with jupyter
- Logging Error: Failed to initialize logging system. Log messages may be missing.?
- Encountering connection problems with PostgreSQL when using psycopg2 on a port that has been forwarded
- Poetry stuck in infinite install/update
- How can one combine iterables keeping only the first element with each index?
- How to resolve a many-to-one-relation on insert in sqlalchemy 2.0?
- Widget with WA_TransparentForMouseEvents attribute in QSplitter. How to make it?
- WindowsError: [Error 126] The specified module could not be found
- How do I define a function with optional arguments?
- Add "b" prefix to python variable?