How to use javascript libraries imported from NPM

Question

Context

For a long time I was using Bootstrap and other libraries by sources. I mean I was including it as below:

- static
   - vendor
       - jquery
       - popper
       - bootstrap
       - ...

But nowadays, I need to improve myself in managing my web dependencies. For some reasons :

• Less sources in repositories and a more efficient team project
• Greater support to choose version or test migrations
• Saving time for later projects with same dependencies
• I need to include a library which is only provided through NPM which is codemirror

So I am currently trying to manage dependencies via NPM, in a django project. But I'm stuck at a very basic step I guess. I don't know where to continue after npm install --save jquery popper.js bootstrap. I'm disturbed by all examples which are for node.js application...

Where I'm stuck

I have an index.js at the same level of my main package.json. I thought I had to import my scripts in this file, then include this script in my page. So I tried require Jquery then bootstrap, but I get errors on bootstrap required because jquery is undefined.
I don't have much code to show, the more I need is to understand how it works step by step rather than having it done to me.

---

Questions

My primary goal is to manage my main javascripts, I mean scripts that must appear through the whole site. Wrap them into one script, then include this script in my base.html assuming I'm in a django project.

1. I know that bootstrap < v5 depends on Jquery and popper.js, but it comes with its own package.json, isn't that enough ? Do we have to npm install jquery popper.js them anyway, as some people suggest in some SO thread or else ? Even after running npm install inside the node_module/bootstrap ? Additionally, the bootstrap.bundle.js contains popper.js, and node_modules inside bootstrap contains jquery. Why not use those ? See Bootstrap import with webpack Otherwise why are they there ?
2. How to bundle my javascript dependencies ? Via webpack ? For example, Jquery from bootstrap/node_modules/jquery/dist/jquery.js with bootstrap/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.js ? Then I will have same versions used by bootstrap developers.
3. Then how to compile the wanted scripts into one script, and minify it for example ? Then I could get those scripts by collectstatic function into the folder where I group all my desired statics.

Perhaps I'm not clear, because all of this blurred my mind.

---

Webography

Use Sass/css within django, NPM way
Add react in django project, via NPM
Bootstrap package manager
Bootstrap import with webpack Npm install jquery, poper, bootstrap
React with webpack

---

Editions with my progress

package.json

{
  "name": "static_src",
  "version": "1.0.0",
  "description": "Static files from NPM.",
  "private": true,
  "scripts": {
    "test": "echo \"Error: no test specified\" && exit 1",
    "build": "npx webpack -c webpack-conf.js"
  },
  "author": "",
  "license": "ISC",
  "dependencies": {
    "bootstrap": "^4.5.3",
    "codemirror": "^5.58.2",
    "jquery": "^3.5.1",
    "popper.js": "^1.16.1"
  },
  "devDependencies": {
    "webpack": "^5.6.0",
    "webpack-cli": "^4.2.0"
  }
}

webpack-conf.js

var path = require('path');
var webpack = require('webpack');

module.exports = {
  entry: './index.js',
  output: { path: __dirname, filename: 'dist/bootstrap-bundle.js' }
};

index.js

import $ from 'jquery';
import {} from 'popper.js';
import 'bootstrap'

npm run build

> npx webpack -c webpack-conf.js

[webpack-cli] Compilation finished
asset dist/bootstrap-bundle.js 169 KiB [emitted] [minimized] (name: main) 1 related asset
runtime modules 1.13 KiB 5 modules
cacheable modules 508 KiB
  ./index.js 71 bytes [built] [code generated]
  ./node_modules/jquery/dist/jquery.js 281 KiB [built] [code generated]
  ./node_modules/bootstrap/dist/js/bootstrap.js 140 KiB [built] [code generated]
  ./node_modules/popper.js/dist/esm/popper.js 86.4 KiB [built] [code generated]
webpack 5.6.0 compiled successfully in 4541 ms

Result

Well for now I manage to include this bundle into my site, but an error occured, and it seems not including Jquery : ReferenceError: $ is not defined. Notably it occurs on this snippet for example :

$(function () {
    $('[data-toggle="popover"]').popover()
    $('[data-toggle="tooltip"]').tooltip()
})

Any idea ?

Answer 1

I came to a great solution !

webpack-conf.js

var path = require('path');
var webpack = require('webpack');

module.exports = {
    entry: './index.js',
    output: {path: __dirname, filename: 'dist/bootstrap-bundle.js'},
    plugins: [
        new webpack.ProvidePlugin({
            $: 'jquery',
            jQuery: 'jquery'
        })
    ]
};

index.js

import $ from 'jquery';
window.jQuery = $;
window.$ = $;
import {} from 'popper.js';
import 'bootstrap'

Then importing this script works well. Thanks to @Karanveer that unblurred my mind to put me on the right way. And this thread about webpack issues